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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">probener</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Power engineering: research, equipment, technology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-9903</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5456</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kazan State Power Engineering  University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30724/1998-9903-2019-21-3-46-54</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">probener-1055</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭНЕРГЕТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POWER ENGINEERING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Распределительные электрические сети 10/0,4 кВ с максимальным приближением трансформаторных подстанций к потребителям</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Calculations, norming and reducing of electrical energy losses in city electrical networks</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лыкин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lykin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anatoliy V. Lykin – PhD in Engineering sciences, Associate Professor, Department “Automated Electrical Power Systems”</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lykin@ngs.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уткин</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Utkin</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy A. Utkin –Master's programme student, Novosibirsk State Technical University, in the field of study electrical and power engineering (specialization: electrical power systems and networks)</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Новосибирский государственный технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>11</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>46</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лыкин А.В., Уткин Е.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лыкин А.В., Уткин Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lykin A.V., Utkin E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.energyret.ru/jour/article/view/1055">https://www.energyret.ru/jour/article/view/1055</self-uri><abstract><p>Резюме: В статье рассматривается целесообразность изменения структуры распределительной электрической сети путем переноса пунктов трансформации электроэнергии как можно ближе к потребителям. Такой подход опирается на установку вблизи групп потребителей столбовых трансформаторных подстанций (СТП) и меняет топологию электрической сети. При этом для групп потребителей изменяется конфигурация участков сети низкого напряжения, включающих вводы в дома и здания. Эффективность приближения трансформаторных подстанций к потребителям оценивалась по величине снижения потерь электроэнергии за счет расширения сети высокого напряжения. Расчет потерь электроэнергии был выполнен по часовым интервалам типового суточного графика нагрузки потребителей. Были получены расчетные выражения, позволяющие вычислить потери мощности на всех участках электрических сетей низкого и высокого напряжения. Для рассмотренного примера потери электроэнергии в целом по сети с измененной топологией снижаются примерно в два раза, при этом в сети высокого напряжения с прежней передаваемой мощностью потери снижаются до практически незначимого уровня, а суммарные потери в трансформаторах возрастают в основном из-за роста общих потерь холостого хода. Срок окупаемости дополнительных капитальных вложений в вариант с изменѐнной топологией будет достаточно большим, если окупаемость будет оцениваться только за счет экономии при снижении потерь. Определение целесообразности применения данного подхода следует производить с учѐтом таких факторов, как увеличение надѐжности электроснабжения, повышение качества электроэнергии и увеличение пропускной способности магистральной части электрической сети.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article considers the feasibility of changing the structure of a distribution electrical network by transferring points of electricity transformation as close to consumers as possible. This approach is based on installation of pole-mounted transformer substations (PMTS) near consumer groups and changes the topology of the electrical network. At the same time, for groups of consumers, the configuration of sections of the low-voltage network, including service drops, changes. The efficiency of approaching transformer substations to consumers was estimated by the reduction in electrical energy losses due to the expansion of the high-voltage network. The calculation of electrical losses was carried out according to twenty-four hour consumer demand curve. To estimate the power losses in each section of the electrical network of high and low voltage, the calculated expressions were obtained. For the considered example, the electrical energy losses in the whole network with a modified topology is reduced by about two times, while in a high-voltage network with the same transmitted power, the losses are reduced to a practically insignificant level, and in installed PMTS transformers they increase mainly due to the rise in total idle losses. The payback period of additional capital investments in option with modified topology will be significantly greater if payback is assessed only by saving losses cost. Consequently, the determination of the feasibility of applying this approach should be carried out taking into account such factors as increasing the reliability of electricity supply, improving the quality of electricity, and increasing the power transmission capacity of the main part of electrical network.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>распределительная сеть</kwd><kwd>потери электроэнергии</kwd><kwd>качество электроэнергии</kwd><kwd>пропускная способность</kwd><kwd>надежность электроснабжения</kwd><kwd>энергосбережение</kwd><kwd>технико-экономическое обоснование</kwd><kwd>столбовая трансформаторная подстанция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>power distribution network</kwd><kwd>electrical energy losses</kwd><kwd>quality of electricity</kwd><kwd>power transmission capacity</kwd><kwd>reliability of electricity supply</kwd><kwd>energy conservation</kwd><kwd>feasibility study</kwd><kwd>pole- mounted transformer substations.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Воротницкий В. 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