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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">probener</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Power engineering: research, equipment, technology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-9903</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5456</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kazan State Power Engineering  University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30724/1998-9903-2019-21-4-41-47</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">probener-1083</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭНЕРГЕТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POWER ENGINEERING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Разработка метода диагностики электроизоляционной жидкости трансформаторного электрооборудования</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Development of diagnostics method of electricalinsulating liquid of transformer equipment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0195-3116</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муратаева</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Murataeva</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Муратаева Галия Амировна – канд. техн. наук, доцент кафедры «Электроэнергетические системы и сети» (ЭСиС)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galiya A. Murataeva Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">esis00@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3727-5035</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муратаев</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Murataev</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Муратаев Ибрагим Амирович – канд. техн. наук, доцент кафедры «Электроэнергетические системы и сети» » (ЭСиС)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ibragim A. MurataevKazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">goldenesis@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский государственный энергетический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Power Engineering University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>41</fpage><lpage>47</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Муратаева Г.А., Муратаев И.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Муратаева Г.А., Муратаев И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Murataeva G.A., Murataev I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.energyret.ru/jour/article/view/1083">https://www.energyret.ru/jour/article/view/1083</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью работы является исследование диэлектрических характеристик масла на растительной основе в процессе циклического температурного старения и определении параметров, необходимых для контроля состояния масла, и разработке метода диагностики электроизоляционной жидкости. Методика исследования включала измерение диэлектрической проницаемости масла и тангенса угла диэлектрических потерь для образца масла, которое подвергалось циклическому температурному окислению. Тепловое окисление заключалось в циклическом нагревании и естественном остывании образца в течение суток без воздействия света. Таким образом, выполнялась имитация изменения температурного режима в баке силового трансформатора при изменяющемся графике нагрузки в течение суток. Для сравнения измерялась диэлектрическая проницаемость базового подсолнечного масла, которое хранилось в стеклянной таре при комнатной температуре без воздействия света. Результаты исследования показали, что диэлектрическая проницаемость масла на растительной основе линейно увеличивается в процессе окисления. Увеличение диэлектрической проницаемости связано с ростом числа полярных молекул в результате образования вторичных продуктов окисления. Температурное воздействие приводит к химическому изменению состава масла. В результате образуются первичные продукты окисления – гидроперекиси. Гидроперекиси при высокой температуре нестабильны и быстро разрушаются с образованием вторичных продуктов окисления. Продукты окисления масла на растительной основе не образуют осадка. Вместо этого масло начинает густеть и полимеризуется. Разработанный метод диагностики состояния электроизоляционной жидкости заключается в определении коэффициента, пропорционального скорости роста числа полярных молекул, образующихся при окислении масла. Полученные результаты показывают, что контроль только тангенса угла диэлектрических потерь не дает полной картины состояния масла на растительной основе и не всегда является индикатором окислительных процессов в масле. Процесс термического окисления оказывает устойчивое влияние на величину диэлектрической проницаемости, которая указывает на изменения в молекулярном составе масла, в результате полимеризации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The work is to research the dielectric characteristics of vegetable-based oil during cyclic temperature aging and to determine the parameters necessary for monitoring the state of the oil, and to develop a method for diagnosing an insulating liquid. The research technique included measuring the dielectric constant of the oil and the tangent of dielectric loss for oil that underwent cyclic temperature oxidation. Thermal oxidation consisted in cyclic heating and natural cooling of the sample during the day without exposure to light. This was done to simulate changes of the temperature in the tank of the power transformer with a changing load schedule during the day. For comparison, the dielectric constant of the base sunflower oil was measured, which was stored in a glass container at room temperature without exposure to light. The results showed that the dielectric constant of vegetable-based oil increases linearly in the oxidation process. The increase in permittivity is associated with an increase in the number of polar molecules as a result of the formation of secondary oxidation products. Under the influence of temperature, the chemical composition of the oil changes and the primary oxidation products — hydroperoxides — are formed. Vegetable-based oil oxidation products do not form a precipitate. Instead, the oil begins to thicken and polymerize. The developed method of diagnosing of an insulating liquid is to determine a coefficient proportional to the growth rate of the number of polar molecules in oil. The results show that monitoring only the tangent of dielectric losses does not give information of the state of vegetable-based oil and is not always an indicator of oxidative processes in oil. The thermal oxidation process has a steady effect on the dielectric constant, which indicates changes of the oil as a result of polymerization.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>диэлектрическая проницаемость</kwd><kwd>температурное окисление</kwd><kwd>масло на растительной основе</kwd><kwd>метод диагностики</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>dielectric constant</kwd><kwd>thermal aging</kwd><kwd>natural oil</kwd><kwd>diagnostic method</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oommen T.V. Vegetable Oils for Liquid-Filled Transformers // IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine. 2002. 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