<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">probener</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Power engineering: research, equipment, technology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-9903</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5456</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kazan State Power Engineering  University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30724/1998-9903-2021-23-2-93-103</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">probener-1783</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭНЕРГЕТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POWER ENGINEERING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Возможности развития водородной энергетики в Мурманской области</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Opportunities for the development of hydrogen energy in the Murmansk region</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Челтыбашев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cheltybashev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Челтыбашев Александр Анатольевич,  канд. пед. наук</p><p>Мурманск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr A. Cheltybashev</p><p>Murmansk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cheltybashevaa@mstu.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Караченцева</surname><given-names>Я. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karachentseva</surname><given-names>Ia. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Караченцева Яна Марсильевна, старший преподаватель</p><p>Мурманск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Iana M. Karachentseva</p><p>Murmansk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Мурманский государственный технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Murmansk State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>93</fpage><lpage>103</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Челтыбашев А.А., Караченцева Я.М., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Челтыбашев А.А., Караченцева Я.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Cheltybashev A.A., Karachentseva I.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.energyret.ru/jour/article/view/1783">https://www.energyret.ru/jour/article/view/1783</self-uri><abstract><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Провести анализ перспектив развития водородной энергетики на территории Мурманской области. Рассмотреть возможности реализации проектов для отработки технологии получения «зеленого» водорода для промышленного использования. МЕТОДЫ. При решении поставленной задачи применялся метод анализа литературных источников в области водородной энергетики, а также метод обобщения полученной информации. РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. В статье описана актуальность темы, изучена мировая тенденция по переходу к «зеленой» энергетике. Рассмотрены виды водорода по способам его получения. Выявлен наиболее экологичный и эффективный способ производства промышленного водорода, рассмотрены возможные источники его получения. ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. В результате анализа перспектив развития водородной энергетики в Мурманской области выявлены предпосылки для получения «зеленого» водорода в промышленных масштабах. Перечислены возможные источники для его производства. В статье приведен пример реализации проекта по созданию на территории Мурманской области международной научной исследовательской станции, для функционирования которой планируется использовать водородные топливные элементы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>THE PURPOSE. To analyze the perspectives for the development of hydrogen energy in the Murmansk region. To consider the possibility of implementing projects for producing "green" hydrogen for industrial using. METHODS. The method of analysis of literature sources in the field of hydrogen energy was used, as well as the method of generalizing the information obtained. RESULTS. The article describes the relevance of the topic, studies the global trend towards the transition to "green" energy. The methods of producing hydrogen are considered. The most environmentally friendly and efficient method for the production of industrial hydrogen has been identified, and possible sources of its production have been considered. CONCLUSION. As a result of the analysis of the prospects for the development of hydrogen energy in the Murmansk region, the prerequisites for the production of "green" hydrogen on an industrial scale are revealed. Possible sources for its production are listed. The article provides an example of the implementation of a project to create an international scientific research station on the territory of the Murmansk region, where hydrogen fuel cells will be used.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>«Зеленый» водород</kwd><kwd>ветровая станция</kwd><kwd>безуглеродные технологии</kwd><kwd>водородная энергетика</kwd><kwd>водородные топливные элементы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>"Green" hydrogen</kwd><kwd>wind station</kwd><kwd>carbon-free technologies</kwd><kwd>hydrogen energy</kwd><kwd>hydrogen fuel cells</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tiwari G.N., Mishra R.K. Advanced renewable energy sources. RSC Publishing, Cambridge, 2012. 562 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tiwari GN, Mishra RK. Advanced renewable energy sources. RSC Publishing, Cambridge, 2012. 562 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Antropov A.P., Ragutkin A.V., Yashtulov N.A. Micropower composite nanomaterials based on porous silicon for renewable energy sources // Int. J. Electrical, Computer, Energetic, Electronic and Communication Engineering. 2016. V. 10. № 12. pp. 1346–1349.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Antropov AP, Ragutkin AV, Yashtulov NA. Micropower composite nanomaterials based on porous silicon for renewable energy sources. Int. J. Electrical, Computer, Energetic, Electronic and Communication Engineering. 2016;10(12):1346-1349.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bagotsky V.S., Skundin A.M., Volfkovich Yu. M. Electrochemical Power Sources: Batteries, Fuel Cells, and Supercapacitors. John Wiley &amp; Sons, 2015. 400 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bagotsky VS, Skundin AM, Volfkovich YuM. Electrochemical Power Sources: Batteries, Fuel Cells, and Supercapacitors. John Wiley &amp; Sons, 2015. 400 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Basu S. Recent trends in fuel science and technology. New York: Anamaya Publ.; New Delhi, India, 2007. 375 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Basu S. Recent trends in fuel science and technology. New York: Anamaya Publ.; New Delhi, India, 2007. 375 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cheng X., Shi Z., Glass N., et al. A review of PEM hydrogen fuel cell contamination: Impacts, mechanisms, and mitigation // J. Power Sources. 2007. V. 165. № 2. pp. 739–756.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cheng X, Shi Z, Glass N, et al. A review of PEM hydrogen fuel cell contamination: Impacts, mechanisms, and mitigation. J. Power Sources. 2007. V. 165. № 2. P. 739-756.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gandia L.M., Arzamedi G. Renewable hydrogen technologies: Production, purification, storage, applications and safety. Elsevier, 2013. 472 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gandia L.M., Arzamedi G. Renewable hydrogen technologies: Production, purification, storage, applications and safety. Elsevier. 2013. 472 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ghenciu A.F. Review of fuel processing catalysts for hydrogen production in PEM fuel cell systems // Current opinion in solid state and materials science. 2002. V. 6. № 5. pp. 389–399.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ghenciu AF. Review of fuel processing catalysts for hydrogen production in PEM fuel cell systems. Current opinion in solid state and materials science. 2002;6(5):389-399.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ghenciu A.F. Review of fuel processing catalysts for hydrogen production in PEM fuel cell systems // Current opinion in solid state and materials science. 2002. V. 6. № 5. pp. 389–399.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ghenciu AF. Review of fuel processing catalysts for hydrogen production in PEM fuel cell systems. Current opinion in solid state and materials science. 2002;6(5):389-399.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Global Storage Market to Double Six Times by 2030. Bloomberg New Energy Finance. 2017. URL: https://cleantechnica.com/2017/11/21/global-energy-storage-market-double-six-times-2030-bnef/</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Global Storage Market to Double Six Times by 2030. Bloomberg New Energy Finance. 2017. Available at URL: https://cleantechnica.com/2017/11/21/global-energy-storage-marketdouble-six-times-2030-bnef/</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hartnig C., Roth C. Polymer electrolyte membrane and direct methanol fuel cell technology. Vol. 2: In-situ characterization techniques for low temperature fuel cells. Woodhead Publ. Ltd., 2012. V. 2. 516 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hartnig C, Roth C. Polymer electrolyte membrane and direct methanol fuel cell technology. In-situ characterization techniques for low temperature fuel cells. Woodhead Publ. Ltd., 2012;2:516.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hydrogen Council Update: Council Priorities &amp; Hydrogen Cost Report Presented By Traci Kraus, Hydrogen Council Member&amp; Director of Government Relationsat Cummins https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/pdfs/05-Kraus-H2%20Council%20Update.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hydrogen Council Update: Council Priorities &amp; Hydrogen Cost Report Presented By Traci Kraus. Hydrogen Council Member&amp; Director of Government Relationsat Cummins Available at https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/pdfs/05-Kraus-H2%20Council%20Update.pdf</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leung D.Y.C., Xuan J. Micro &amp; Nano-Engineering of Fuel Cells. CRC Press, 2015. 338 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leung DYC, Xuan J. Micro &amp; Nano-Engineering of Fuel Cells. CRC Press, 2015. 338 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liam Stoker. Storage secures 3.2GW of Capacity Market contracts in auction success. 2016. URL: https://www.energy-storage.news/news/storage-projects-secure-3.2gw-in-ukscapacity-market</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liam Stoker. Storage secures 3.2GW of Capacity Market contracts in auction success. 2016. Available at URL: https://www.energy-storage.news/news/storage-projects-secure-3.2gwin-uks-capacity-market</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Misak S., Prokop L. Green energy and technology. Operation characteristics of renewable energy sources (1 ed.). Springer Int. Publ. Switzerland. 2017. 235 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Misak S, Prokop L. Green energy and technology. Operation characteristics of renewable energy sources (1 ed.). Springer Int. Publ. Switzerland. 2017. 235 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Popel' O.S., Tarasenko A.B. Гибридные накопители электрической энергии: их особенности и применение (Обзор) // Теплоэнергетика. 2018. № 5. С. 27–44.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Popel' OS, Tarasenko AB. Gibridnye nakopiteli elektricheskoj energii: ih osobennosti i primenenie (Obzor). Teploenergetika. 2018;5:27–44.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rabis A., Paramaconi R., Schmidt T.J. Electrocatalysis for polymer electrolyte fuel cells: Recent achievements and future challenges // ACS Catal. 2012. V. 2. № 5. Р. 864–890.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rabis A, Paramaconi R, Schmidt TJ. Electrocatalysis for polymer electrolyte fuel cells: Recent achievements and future challenges. ACS Catal. 2012;2(5):864-890.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Savard C., Яковлева Э.В. Развитие технологий накопления электрической энергии // Молодой ученый. 2017. № 50. С. 76–82.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Savard C, YAkovleva EV. Razvitie tekhnologij nakopleniya elektricheskoj energii. Molodoj uchenyj. 2017;50:76-82.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stolten D., Emonts B. Fuel cell science and engineering: materials, processes, systems and technology. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co KGaA, 2012. 1268 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stolten D, Emonts B. Fuel cell science and engineering: materials, processes, systems and technology. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co KGaA, 2012. 1268 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The Next Five Years in Energy Storage According to 500 Energy Professionals. GTM Research. 2015. 15 p. URL: https://ru.scribd.com/document/396777482/The-Next-Five-Years-in-Energy-Storage-According-to-500-Energy-Professionals</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The Next Five Years in Energy Storage According to 500 Energy Professionals. GTM Research. 2015. 15 p. Available at URL: https://ru.scribd.com/document/396777482/The-Next-Five-Years-in-Energy-Storage-According-to-500-Energy-Professionals</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tiwari J.N., Tiwari R.N., Singh G., Kim K.S. Recent progress in the development of anode and cathode catalysts for direct methanol fuel cells (review) // Nano Energy. 2013. V. 2. pp. 553–578</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tiwari JN, Tiwari RN, Singh G, et al. Recent progress in the development of anode and cathode catalysts for direct methanol fuel cells (review). Nano Energy. 2013;2:553-578.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vielstich W., Lamm A. Handbook of Fuel Cells: Fundamentals, Technology, Applications. Wiley, 2003. 3826 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vielstich W, Lamm A. Handbook of Fuel Cells: Fundamentals, Technology, Applications. Wiley, 2003. 3826 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vielstich W., Yokokawa H., Gasteiger H.A. Handbook of fuels: Fundamentals, technology and applications. Vol. 6. John Wiley &amp; Sons: New York, 2009. 728 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vielstich W, Yokokawa H, Gasteiger HA. Handbook of fuels: Fundamentals, technology and applications. John Wiley &amp; Sons: New York, 2009;6:728 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang J. PEM fuel cell electrocatalysts and catalyst layers. Fundamentals and applications. Springer Science &amp; Business Media, 2008. – 1137 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang J. PEM fuel cell electrocatalysts and catalyst layers. Fundamentals and applications. Springer Science &amp; Business Media, 2008. 1137 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Альтернативные источники энергии / Режим доступа: http://www.planetseed.com/ru/relatedarticle/altiernativnyie-istochniki-enierghii-toplivnyieeliemienty</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Al'ternativnye istochniki energii . Available at http://www.planetseed.com/ru/relatedarticle/altiernativnyie-istochniki-enierghii-toplivnyieeliemienty.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Багоцкий В.С., Скундин А.М. Химические источники тока. М: Энергоиздат, 1981. 360 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bagockij VS, Skundin A.M. Himicheskie istochniki toka. M: Energoizdat, 1981. 360 s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Водородная энергетика и синергия отраслей / Режим доступа https://energynet.ru/con2020#!/tab/256431881-3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vodorodnaya energetika i sinergiya otraslej. Available at https://energynet.ru/con2020#!/tab/256431881-3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Водородная энергетика России / Режим доступа: http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Водородная_энергетика</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vodorodnaya energetika Rossii. Available at: http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vodorodnaya_energetika.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Воропай Н.И., Стенников В.А., Барахтенко Е.А. Интегрированные энергетические системы: вызовы, тенденции, идеология // Проблемы прогнозирования. 2017. № 5. С. 39-49.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Voropaj NI, Stennikov VA, Barahtenko EA. Integrirovannye energeticheskie sistemy: vyzovy, tendencii, ideologiya. Problemy prognozirovaniya. 2017;5:39–49.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Да Роза А. Возобновляемые источники энергии. Физико-технические основы: Пер. с англ. под редакцией С.П. Малышенко, О.С. Попеля. Долгопрудный: Издательский дом «Интеллект»; М.: Издательский дом МЭИ; 2010. 704 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Da Roza A. Vozobnovlyaemye istochniki energii. Fiziko-tekhnicheskie osnovy: uchebnoe posobie. Per. s angl. pod redakciej S.P. Malyshenko, O.S. Popelya. Dolgoprudnyj: Izdatel'skij dom «Intellekt»; M.: Izdatel'skij dom MEI; 2010. 704 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ерзнкян Б.А., Арутюнян С.М. ТЭК России на пороге четвертой промышленной революции // Экономический анализ: теория и практика. 2018. № 5. С. 836–855.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Erznkyan BA, Arutyunyan SM. TEK Rossii na poroge chetvertoj promyshlennoj revolyucii. Ekonomicheskij analiz: teoriya i praktika. 2018;5:836–855.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жемлиханов Т. Аккумуляторные батареи. Российские внешнеторговые потоки // Электротехнический рынок. 2015. № 2 (62). C. 28–30.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">ZHemlihanov T. Akkumulyatornye batarei. Rossijskie vneshnetorgovye potoki. Elektrotekhnicheskij rynok. 2015;2(62):28–30.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Иваницкая Е.В., «Международная арктическая станция на безуглеродной энергетике» https://www.safety.ru/novosti/mezhdunarodnaya-arkticheskaya-stanciya-nabezuglerodnoy-energetike (дата обращения: 01.03.2021 г.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ivanickaya EV. Mezhdunarodnaya arkticheskaya stanciya na bezuglerodnoj energetike Available at https://www.safety.ru/novosti/mezhdunarodnaya-arkticheskaya-stanciya-nabezuglerodnoy-energetike. Accessed to: 01.03.2021 g.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коровин Н.В., Скундин А.М. Химические источники тока. М.: Издательство МЭИ, 2003. 740 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Korovin NV, Skundin AM. Himicheskie istochniki toka. M.: Izdatel'stvo MEI, 2003. 740 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мазуренко С.Н. Водородные технологии в энергетике. Доступно по: http://www.chem.msu.ru/rus/jvho/2008-6/78.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mazurenko SN. Vodorodnye tekhnologii v energetike.: Available at http://www.chem.msu.ru/rus/jvho/2008-6/78.pdf.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Майорова Т.В. Трансформация Экономики: низкоуглеродный путь развития // Экономика и политика. 2017. № 1. С. 58–62.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Majorova TV. Transformaciya Ekonomiki: nizkouglerodnyj put' razvitiya. Ekonomika i politika. 2017;1:58-62.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мастепанов А.М. Энергетический переход: к чему готовиться мировому нефтегазу // Проблемы экономики и управления нефтегазовым комплексом. Научноэкономический журнал. 2019, № 10 (178). С. 5–14.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mastepanov AM. Energeticheskij perekhod: k chemu gotovit'sya mirovomu neftegazu. Problemy ekonomiki i upravleniya neftegazovym kompleksom. Nauchno-ekonomicheskij zhurnal. 2019;10 (178):5-14.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Международная Арктическая станция «Снежинка». https://arctic-mipt.com/(дата обращения: 17.03.2021 г.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mezhdunarodnaya Arkticheskaya stanciya «Snezhinka». Available at https://arcticmipt.com/(data obrashcheniya: 17.03.2021 g.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">На водороде в будущее https://expert.ru/expert/2020/51/na-vodorode-v-budushchee/</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Na vodorode v budushchee. Available at https://expert.ru/expert/2020/51/na-vodorodev-budushchee/</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Новые энергетические технологии. Исследование № 2. Ассоциация НП «Совет рынка», 2017. 150 с. URL: https://www.np-sr.ru/sites/default/files/sr_pages/SR_0V055968/i2_novye_energeticheskie_tehnologii.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Novye energeticheskie tekhnologii. Issledovanie № 2. Associaciya NP «Sovet rynka», 2017. 150 s. Available at URL: https://www.npsr.ru/sites/default/files/sr_pages/SR_0V055968/i2_novye_energeticheskie_tehnologii.pdf</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Петрушенко Ю.Я., Марченко Г.Н., Юдина Н.А., Ахметова И.Г., Водородная энергетика как альтернатива углеводородному и иным энергообогащенным видам сырья // Энергетика Татарстана. 2007. № 4 (8). С. 49-61.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Petrushenko YUYA, Marchenko GN, YUdina NA, et al. Vodorodnaya energetika kak al'ternativa uglevodorodnomu i inym energoobogashchennym vidam syr'ya. Energetika Tatarstana. 2007;4 (8):49-61.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Петрушенко Ю.Я., Сулейманов Н.М., Матухин В.Л., и др. На пути к водородной энергетике // Энергетика Татарстана. 2007. № 1 (5). С. 14-23.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Petrushenko YUYA, Sulejmanov NM. Matuhin VL, et al. Na puti k vodorodnoj energetike. Energetika Tatarstana. 2007;1(5):14-23.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Подгорный Ю.В., Лавров П.П., Воротилов К.А., и др. Влияние изменения спонтанной поляризации на вольт-амперные характеристики сегнетоэлектрических тонких пленок // Физика твердого тела. 2015. Т. 57. № 3. С. 465–468.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Podgornyj YUV, Lavrov PP, Vorotilov K.A., et al. Vliyanie izmeneniya spontannoj polyarizacii na vol't-ampernye harakteristiki segnetoelektricheskih tonkih plenok. Fizika tverdogo tela. 2015;57(3):465-468.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Макарова А.А., Григорьева Л.М., Митровой Т.А. Прогноз развития энергетики мира и России 2016. ИНЭИ РАН–АЦ при Правительстве РФ. М., 2016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Makarova AA, Grigor'eva LM, Mitrovoj TA. Prognoz razvitiya energetiki mira i Rossii 2016. INEI RAN–AC pri Pravitel'stve RF. M., 2016.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сигов А.С., Матюхин В.Ф., Мельников В.М. Космические солнечные лазерные электростанции для энергоснабжения северных регионов России // Энергетическая политика. 2016. № 4. С. 65–73.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sigov AS, Matyuhin VF, Mel'nikov VM. Kosmicheskie solnechnye lazernye elektrostancii dlya energosnabzheniya severnyh regionov Rossii. Energeticheskaya politika. 2016;4:65-73.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Синяк Ю.В., Моделирование стоимости водородного топлива в условиях его централизованного производства. Материалы семинара лаборатории ВЭТО ИВТРАН. Москва, 2017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sinyak YUV, Modelirovanie stoimosti vodorodnogo topliva v usloviyah ego centralizovannogo proizvodstva. Materialy seminara laboratorii VETO IVTRAN. Moskva,2017.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тарасевич М.Р., Кузов А.В. Топливные элементы прямого окисления спиртов // Альтернативная энергетика и экология. 2010. Т. 87. № 7. С. 86–108.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tarasevich MR, Kuzov AV. Toplivnye elementy pryamogo okisleniya spirtov // Al'ternativnaya energetika i ekologiya. 2010;87(70:86-108.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Топливный элемент. Википедия / Режим доступа: http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Топливный_элемент.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Toplivnyj element. Vikipediya. http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toplivnyj_element.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Экспертно-аналитический доклад «Новая технологическая революция: Вызовы и возможности для России». ЦСР. 2017. URL: https://strategy.csr.ru/user/pages/researches/novaya-tehnologicheskaya-revolutsiya-2017-10-13.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ekspertno-analiticheskij doklad. Novaya tekhnologicheskaya revolyuciya: Vyzovy i vozmozhnosti dlya Rossii. CSR. 2017. URL: https://strategy.csr.ru/user/pages/researches/novayatehnologicheskaya-revolutsiya-2017-10-13.pdf</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Яштулов Н.А., Лебедева М.В., Флид В.Р. Нанокомпозиты на основе палладия – высокоэффективные катализаторы для химических источников тока // Известия РАН. Сер. химическая. 2015. Т. 64. № 1. С. 24–28.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">YAshtulov NA, Lebedeva MV, Flid VR. Nanokompozity na osnove palladiya – vysokoeffektivnye katalizatory dlya himicheskih istochnikov toka. Izvestiya RAN. Ser. himicheskaya. 2015;64(1):24-028.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Яштулов Н.А., Патрикеев Л.Н., Зенченко В.О., и др. Формирование и каталитические свойства материалов на основе пористого кремния с наночастицами платины // Российские нанотехнологии. 2015. Т. 10. № 11-12. С. 91-96.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">YAshtulov NA, Patrikeev LN, Zenchenko VO, et al. Formirovanie i kataliticheskie svojstva materialov na osnove poristogo kremniya s nanochasticami platiny. Rossijskie nanotekhnologii. 2015;10:11-12:91-96.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
