probenerИзвестия высших учебных заведений. ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИPower engineering: research, equipment, technology1998-99032658-5456Kazan State Power Engineering University10.30724/1998-9903-2021-23-4-43-54probener-1884Research ArticleЭНЕРГЕТИКАPOWER ENGINEERINGСпектральный анализ газодинамических процессов во впускной системе поршневого двигателя с турбонаддувомSpectral analysis of gas dynamic processes in the inlet system of a piston engine with turbochargerhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4481-3607ПлотниковЛ. В.PlotnikovL. V.

Плотников Леонид Валерьевич – кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры «Турбины и двигатели»

г. Екатеринбург

Leonid V. Plotnikov

Ekaterinburg

leonplot@mail.ruБродовЮ. М.BrodovY. M.

Бродов Юрий Миронович – доктор технических наук, зав. кафедрой турбин и двигателей

г. Екатеринбург

Boris P. Zhilkin

Ekaterinburg

turbine66@mail.ruЖилкинБ. П.ZhilkinB. P.

Жилкин Борис Прокопьевич – доктор физико-математических наук, профессор кафедры «Теплоэнергетика и теплотехника»

г. Екатеринбург

Yurii M. Brodov

Ekaterinburg

tot@ustu.ruШестаковД. С.ShestakovD. S.

Шестаков Дмитрий Сергеевич – доцент кафедры «Турбины и двигатели»

г. Екатеринбург

Dmitry S. Shestakov

Ekaterinburg

dmshes@mail.ruОсиповЛ. Е.OsipovL. E.

Осипов Леонид Евгеньевич – магистрант

г. Екатеринбург

Leonid E. Osipov

Ekaterinburg

gepebola3@mail.ruУральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. ЕльцинаРоссияUral Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. YeltsinRussian Federation2021121020212344354Copyright © Плотников Л.В., Бродов Ю.М., Жилкин Б.П., Шестаков Д.С., Осипов Л.Е., 20212021Плотников Л.В., Бродов Ю.М., Жилкин Б.П., Шестаков Д.С., Осипов Л.Е.Plotnikov L.V., Brodov Y.M., Zhilkin B.P., Shestakov D.S., Osipov L.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.energyret.ru/jour/article/view/1884

ЦЕЛЬ. Провести спектральный анализ газодинамических характеристик нестационарных потоков во впускных системах поршневых двигателей с турбонаддувом и без него, оценить уровень влияния механического воздействия лопаток компрессора на структуру течения, а также разработать метод совершенствования газодинамических процессов в системе впуска.МЕТОДЫ. Лабораторный эксперимент был выбран для решения поставленных задач. Была создана натурная модель одноцилиндрового двигателя с турбонаддувом. Также была возможность изменять скорости вращения коленвала и ротора турбокомпрессора в широком диапазоне. Система сбора и обработки экспериментальных данных на основе аналого-цифрового преобразователя использовалась в исследовании. Данные об изменении локальных значений скорости и статического давления потоков во впускной системе в течении рабочего цикла двигателя были получены с помощью термоанемометра постоянной температуры и быстродействующего датчика давления. Спектральный анализ функций скорости и давления потока от времени проводился на основе алгоритма быстрого преобразования Фурье.РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. В статье представлен сравнительный анализ спектров амплитуд пульсаций скорости и давления потока в системе впуска двигателя с турбонаддувом и без него. Также предложен метод стабилизации нестационарного течения воздуха в системе впуска путем установки выравнивающей решетки в канал компрессора турбокомпрессора.ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Выявлено, установка турбокомпрессора приводит к существенному изменению структуры газовых потоков в системе впуска двигателя. Установлено, что наличие выравнивающей решетки в системе впуска двигателя с турбонаддувом приводит к снижению низкочастотных амплитуд пульсаций скорости и давления нестационарного потока до 40 %. Показано, что вероятность безотказной работы двигателя 2ЧН 8,2/7,1 возрастает почти на 1 % при использовании в системе впуска выравнивающей решетки.

THE PURPOSE

THE PURPOSE. To carry out a comparative analysis of the spectra of gas-dynamic characteristics of flows in the intake systems of piston engines with and without turbocharging, to assess the degree of influence of the turbocharger on the flow structure in such systems, and also to propose a method for the gas-dynamic improvement of processes in the system under consideration.

METHODS

METHODS. Due to the complexity of the object of research, an experimental approach was taken as a basis. The experiments were carried out on a single-cylinder piston engine model, which could be equipped with a turbocharger. A system for collecting and processing experimental data based on an analog-to-digital converter was used in the study. Data on changes in local values of velocity and static pressure of pulsating flows in the intake system during the engine's operating cycle were obtained using a constant temperature hot-wire anemometer and a fast-acting pressure sensor. Spectral analysis of functions of flow velocity and pressure versus time was carried out on the basis of the fast Fourier transform algorithm.

RESULTS

RESULTS. The article presents a comparative analysis of the spectra of the amplitudes of the velocity and pressure pulsations in the intake system of an engine with and without turbocharging. Also proposed is a method for stabilizing the pulsating flow in the intake system by installing a leveling grid in the outlet channel of the turbocharger compressor.

CONCLUSION

CONCLUSION. It is shown that the installation of a turbocharger leads to a significant change in the structure of gas flows in the intake system of the engine. It has been established that the presence of a leveling grid in the intake system of a turbocharged piston engine leads to a decrease in the low-frequency amplitudes of the flow velocity and pressure pulsations up to 30%. It is shown that the probability of failure-free operation of an automobile engine (cylinder diameter – 82 mm, piston stroke – 71 mm) increases by almost 1% when a leveling grille is used in the intake system.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.