<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">probener</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Power engineering: research, equipment, technology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-9903</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5456</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kazan State Power Engineering  University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30724/1998-9903-2022-24-6-153-164</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">probener-2448</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕХНОСФЕРНАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TECHNOSPHERE SAFETY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Биококс из илового осадка сточных вод – эффективный субстрат для обеззараживания полигонов ТКО и восстановления качества почв</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Biocoke from wastewater sludge is an effective substrate for disinfecting Msw polygons and restore soil quality</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макоев</surname><given-names>С. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makoev</surname><given-names>S. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Султан Олегович Макоев – директор дирекции международного образования</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sultan O. Makoev – Director of International Education Department</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">MakoevSO@mpei.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахметова</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhmetova</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Гареевна Ахметова – др. техн. наук, доцент, проректор по развитию и инновациям</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina G. Akmetova – Vice-Rector for Development and Innovation</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «МЭИ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University «Moscow Power Engineering Institute»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский государственный энергетический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Power Engineering University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>153</fpage><lpage>164</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Макоев С.О., Ахметова И.Г., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Макоев С.О., Ахметова И.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Makoev S.O., Akhmetova I.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.energyret.ru/jour/article/view/2448">https://www.energyret.ru/jour/article/view/2448</self-uri><abstract><p>Очистка сточных вод и утилизации отходов сорбентов, полученных из остаточной биомассы. Получение биококса из илового осадка. Обеспечение максимальной теплоты сгорания сырья.</p><sec><title>МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МЕТОДЫ. Рентгенофазовый анализ золы после сжигания отработанных сорбентов. Термогравиметрический анализ биококса в окислительной среде. Оценка элементного анализа исходного сырья и продуктов термической конверсии ТКО. Экспериментальный анализ морфологического состава ТКО для муниципального округа.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Проведены экспериментальные исследования по анализу илового осадка сточных вод и проведена оценка по энергетическим и экологическим показателям. Выполнено обоснование возможности частичного замещения ископаемого топлива посредством использования ТКО при производстве тепловой энергии. Приведена схема очистки сточных вод и использования отработанных сорбентов в качестве топлива. Для уточнения теплоты сгорания были проведены эксперименты в калориметрической бомбе, которые показали, что биококс имеет низшую теплоту сгорания равную 11,5 МДж/кг. Получена теплота сгорания биококса по данным термоанализатора, которая составляет 8–12 МДж/кг и зависит как от типа исходного осадка сточных вод, так и от режима подготовки биококса.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Полученные результаты позволяют оценить эффективность применения биококса, полученного из осадочных сточных вод, для последующего применения для обеззараживания полигонов ТКО и влияние для восстановления качества почв.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>THE PURPOSE</title><p>THE PURPOSE. Wastewater treatment and waste disposal of sorbents obtained from residual biomass. Obtaining biocoke from sludge. Ensuring maximum calorific value of raw materials.</p></sec><sec><title>METHODS</title><p>METHODS. X-ray phase analysis of ash after burning spent sorbents. Thermogravimetric analysis of biocoke in an oxidizing environment. Elemental analysis evaluation of raw materials and products of municipal solid waste thermal conversion. Experimental analysis of municipal solid waste morphological composition for the municipal district.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. Completed experimental studies on the analysis of sewage sludge and an assessment on energy and environmental indicators. The substation of partial replacement of fossil fuels by using municipal solid waste in thermal energy generation. Scheme of wastewatertreatment and application of used sorbents as fuel. In order to clarify the calorific value, experiments were made in a calorimetric bomb which showed that biocoke has a lower calorific value of 11.5 MJ/kg. The calorific value of biocoke was obtained according to the data of a thermal analyzer, which is 8–12 MJ/kg and depends both on the type of initial sewage sludge and on the mode of biocoke preparation.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION. The obtained results make possible to evaluate the effectiveness of biocoke usage obtained by conversion of sewage sludge for the disinfection of MSW landfills and the impact on restoring soil quality.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>биококс</kwd><kwd>обеззараживание полигонов</kwd><kwd>переработка илового осадка</kwd><kwd>сточные воды</kwd><kwd>утилизация ТКО</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>biocoke</kwd><kwd>landfill decontamination</kwd><kwd>sludge processing</kwd><kwd>wastewater</kwd><kwd>solid waste disposal</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бутусов М.М., Комаров А.Ю., Писаренко С.С., Кудерна М., Поллак М. Безотходная переработка илового осадка канализационных очистных сооружений – производство биококса // Водоснабжение и санитарная техника. 2017. № 8. С. 47–51.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Butusov MM, Komarov AYu, Pisarenko SS, et al. Waste–free processing of sludge sludge from sewage treatment plants - production of biocox. Water supply and sanitary equipment. 2017;8:47-51.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Novotny E.H., Maia C.M., Carvalho M.T., Madari B.E. Biochar: Pyrogenic carbon for agricultural use – a critical review // R. Bras. Ci. Solo, 39:321-344, 2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Novotny EH, Maia CM, Carvalho MT, et al. Pyrogenic carbon for agricultural use – a critical review. R. Bras. Ci. Solo, 39:321-344, 2015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jing Q., Fernandes de Souza M., Robles-Aguilar A., Ghysels S., Sik Ok Y., Ronsse F., Meers E. Improving biochar properties by co-pyrolysis of pig manure with bio-invasive weed for use as the soil amendment, Chemosphere, Volume 312, Part 1, 2023, 137229.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jing Q, Fernandes de Souza M, Robles-Aguilar A. Improving biochar properties by co-pyrolysis of pig manure with bio-invasive weed for use as the soil amendment, Chemosphere. V. 312, Part 1, 2023, 137229.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang R.-H., Xie Y., Zhou G., Li Z., Ye A., Huang X., Xie Y., Shi L., Cao X., Zhang J., Lin C. The effects of short-term, long-term, and reapplication of biochar on the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Volume 248, 2022, 114316.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang R.-H, Xie Y, Zhou G, et al. The effects of short-term, long-term, and reapplication of biochar on the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 202;248:114316.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тимербаев Н.Ф., Тунцев Д.В., Хайруллина М.Р., Китаев С.В. Технология и оборудования для электроэнергетического использования древесных отходов. известия высших учебных заведений. ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ. 2017;19(1-2):102-107.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Timerbaev NF, Tuntsev DV, Khairullina MR, et al. Technologies and equipment for the production of electricity from wood waste. Power engineering: research, equipment, technology. 2017;19(1-2):102-107.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Politaeva N., Smyatskaya Y., Fedyukhin A. Fiber and carbon materials for wastewater purification from petroleum products. Desalination and Water Treatment, 174 (2020) P. 116-122.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Politaeva N, Smyatskaya Y, Fedyukhin A. Fiber and carbon materials for wastewater purification from petroleum products. Desalination and Water Treatment, 174 (2020) P. 116-122.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Афанасьева О.В., Мингалеева Г.Р., Добронравов А.Д., Шамсутдинов Э.В. Комплексное использованиеи золошлаковых отходов. Известия высших учебных заведений. ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ. 2015;(7-8):26-36.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Afanaseva OV, Mingaleeva GR, Dobronravov AD, et al. Complex use of ash and slag waste. Power engineering: research, equipment, technology. 2015;(7-8):26-36.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Савина М.В., Тимофеева С.С. Разработка схемы использования генераторного газа из низкосортного угля в ПГУ // Вестник КГЭУ, 2021, том 13, № 2 (50).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Savina MV, Timofeeva SS. Development of a scheme for using generator gas from low-grade coal in PSU. Vestnik KGEU, 2021:13(2 (50).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Анализ возможности использования биоугля в металлургическом производстве / А. В. Карпов, А. О. Диментьев, Д. С. Шмарин, Т. В. Цымбал // Вестник Липецкого государственного технического университета. – 2022. – № 1(47). – С. 69-76.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karpov AV, Dimentiev AO, Shmarin DS. Analysis of the possibility of using biocoal in metallurgical production. Tsymbal. Bulletin of the Lipetsk State Technical University. 2022;1(47):69-76.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Таймаров М.А., Чикляев Е.Г. Разработка прямоточной пиролизной установки для пирогенетического разложения древесины. Известия высших учебных заведений. ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ. 2020;22(6):68-78.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Taimarov MA, Chiklyaev EG. Development of a direct flow pyrolysis plant for pyrogenetic decomposition of wood. Power engineering: research, equipment, technology. 2020;22(6):68-78.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рижия, Е. Я. Влияние биоугля на содержание минеральных форм азота в дерново-подзолистой супесчаной почве с разной степенью окультуренности / Е. Я. Рижия, Н. П. Бучкина, Е. В. Балашов // Агрохимия. – 2020. – № 8. – С. 22-29.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rizhiya EYa, Buchkina NP, Balashov EV. The influence of bio-coal on the content of mineral forms of nitrogen in sod-podzolic sandy loam soil with different degrees of cultivation. Agrochemistry. 2020;8:22-29.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Крылова, А. Ю. Получение биоугля пиролизом биомассы / А. Ю. Крылова, Е. Г. Горлов, А. В. Шумовский // Химия твердого топлива. – 2019. – № 6. – С. 55–64.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krylova AYu, Gorlov EG, Shumovsky AV. Obtaining bio-coal by pyrolysis of biomass. Chemistry of solid fuels. 2019;6:55-64.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lehmann, J., Gaunt, J. and Rondon, M. (2006) Bio-char sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems – a review, Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change. V. 11, PP. 403–427.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lehmann J, Gaunt J. and Rondon, M. (2006) Bio-char sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems – a review. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change. 2006;11:403–427.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">He Li-li, Zhong Zhe-ke, Yang Hui-min Effects on soil quality of biochar and straw amendment in conjunction with chemical fertilizers // Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017, 16(3): 704–712.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">He Li-li, Zhong Zhe-ke, Yang Hui-min Effects on soil quality of biochar and straw amendment in conjunction with chemical fertilizers. Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017;16(3):704–712.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Muhammad Arif, Muhammad Ilyas, Muhammad Riaz, Kawsar Ali, Kamran Shah, Izhar Ul Haq, Shah Fahad Biochar improves phosphorus use efficiency of organic-inorganic fertilizers, maize-wheat productivity and soil quality in a low fertility alkaline soil // Field Crops Research 214 (2017) 25–37.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Muhammad Arif, Muhammad Ilyas, Muhammad Riaz, Kawsar Ali, Kamran Shah, Izhar Ul Haq, Shah Fahad Biochar improves phosphorus use efficiency of organic-inorganic fertilizers, maize-wheat productivity and soil quality in a low fertility alkaline soil. Field Crops Research. 214 (2017) 25–37.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">P. Randolph, R.R. Bansode, O.A. Hassan, Dj. Rehrah, R. Ravella, M.R. Reddy, D.W. Watts, J.M. Novak, M. Ahmedna Effect of biochars produced from solid organic municipal waste on soil quality parameters // Journal of Environmental Management 192 (2017) 271–280.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">P. Randolph, R.R. Bansode, O.A. Hassan, et al. Effect of biochars produced from solid organic municipal waste on soil quality parameters. Journal of Environmental Management. 192(2017) 271-280.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
