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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">probener</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Power engineering: research, equipment, technology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-9903</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5456</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kazan State Power Engineering  University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30724/1998-9903-2024-26-3-96-107</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">probener-3085</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКИЕ СИСТЕМЫ И КОМПЛЕКСЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENERGY SYSTEMS AND COMPLEXES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Снижение кратности коммутационного перенапряжения в генераторных сетях</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Peducing the frequency of switching overvoltage in generator networks</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4545-1086</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бельский</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belsky</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бельский Родион Артёмович – старший преподаватель</p><p>г. Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rodion A. Belsky</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belskij_ra@spbstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1744-4375</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролов</surname><given-names>В. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolov</surname><given-names>V. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фролов Владимир Яковлевич – д-р техн. наук, профессор</p><p>г. Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Frolov Y. Vladimir</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">frolov_vya@spbstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0244-8998</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жилиготов</surname><given-names>Р. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhiligotov</surname><given-names>R. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жилиготов Руслан Игоревич – канд. техн. наук, доцент</p><p>г. Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zhiligotov I. Ruslan</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhiligotov_ri@spbstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7294-1588</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафонов</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Safonov</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сафонов Евгений Павлович – ассистент</p><p>г. Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Safonov P. Evgenii</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">safonov_ep@spbstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «СПбПУ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>96</fpage><lpage>107</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бельский Р.А., Фролов В.Я., Жилиготов Р.И., Сафонов Е.П., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бельский Р.А., Фролов В.Я., Жилиготов Р.И., Сафонов Е.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Belsky R.A., Frolov V.Y., Zhiligotov R.I., Safonov E.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.energyret.ru/jour/article/view/3085">https://www.energyret.ru/jour/article/view/3085</self-uri><abstract><p>ЦЕЛЬ исследования заключается в изучении проблемы коммутационных перенапряжений в генераторных сетях 10 кВ. Используя пакет MATLAB Simulink, создать модель собственных нужд электростанции на 10/0,4 кВ, рассчитать перенапряжение при разных срезах тока, оценить влияние вакуумных выключателей друг на друга, оценить эффективность нелинейных ограничителей перенапряжений, при параллельной коммутации.</p><p>НАУЧНАЯ ЗНАЧИМОСТЬ состоит в получении метода расчёта переходных процессов при одновременной коммутации нескольких выключателей.</p><p>ПРАКТИЧЕСКАЯ ЗНАЧИМОСТЬ заключается в возможности использовать полученную модель для более точного подбора защитного оборудования.</p><sec><title>МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МЕТОДЫ. Для создания модели собственных нужд 10/0,4 кВ и расчётов переходных процессов в ней использовался пакет MATLAB Simulink.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. В статье рассмотрены коммутационные перенапряжения в собственных нуждах 10/0,4 кВ. Оценено влияние параллельной коммутации вакуумных выключателей на рост кратности перенапряжений. Так же было оценено влияние удельной энергоёмкости нелинейных ограничителей перенапряжений на кратность перенапряжений.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Данная модель показала, что параллельная коммутация двух вакуумных выключателей может повысить кратность перенапряжения на 20-40 %, что может привести к повышению износа, как изоляции защищаемого оборудования, так и к вероятности повторного пробоя в вакуумной камере. Причём чем выше срез тока, тем выше будет рост кратности перенапряжение, также кратность будет расти, если будет уменьшаться время отключения между выключателями. Основным средством защиты от коммутационных перенапряжений является нелинейный ограничитель перенапряжений, но при их выборе учитывается в первую очередь номинальное рабочее напряжения, что приводит к тому, что рост кратности перенапряжения от параллельной коммутации может нивелировать эффективность нелинейного ограничителя.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>THE PURPOSE of the study is to study the problem of switching overvoltages in 10 kV generator networks. Using the Matlab Simulink package, create a model of common auxiliaries of a 10/0.4 kV power station, calculate the overvoltage at different sections of the current, evaluate the effect of vacuum switches on each other, evaluate the effectiveness of nonlinear overstrain limiters, with parallel switching.</p><p>THE SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE consists in obtaining a method for calculating transients with simultaneous switching of several switches. THE PRACTICAL SIGNIFICANCE lies in the possibility of using the resulting model for a more accurate selection of protective equipment.</p><sec><title>METHODS</title><p>METHODS. To create a model of common auxiliaries of 10/0.4 kV and the calculations of transition processes, it used a Matlab Simulink package. RESULTS. The article discusses switching overvoltages in their own needs of 10/0.4 kV. The influence of parallel switching of vacuum circuit breakers on the increase in the multiplicity of overvoltages is estimated. The influence of the specific energy intensity of nonlinear surge limiters on the multiplicity of overvoltages was also evaluated.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION. This model showed that the parallel switching of two vacuum circuit breakers can increase the frequency of overvoltage by 20-40 %, which can lead to an increase in wear of both insulation of the protected equipment and the probability of re-breakdown in a vacuum chamber. Moreover, the higher the current cut, the higher the increase in the frequency of the overstrain, the multiplicity will also increase if the shutdown time between the switches is reduced. The main means of protection against switching overvoltages is a non -linear overstrain limiter, but when they are selected, the nominal working voltage is primarily taken into account, which leads to the fact that the increase in the frequency of overstrain from parallel switching can level the effectiveness of a nonlinear limiter.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>собственные нужды электростанций</kwd><kwd>коммутационные перенапряжения</kwd><kwd>вакуумные выключатели</kwd><kwd>нелинейные ограничители перенапряжений</kwd><kwd>компьютерное моделирование</kwd><kwd>MATLAB Simulink</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>common auxiliaries</kwd><kwd>switching overvoltage</kwd><kwd>vacuum circuit breakers</kwd><kwd>surge arrester</kwd><kwd>computer modelling</kwd><kwd>Matlab Simulink</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа, по результатам которой выполнена статья, выполнена по Государственному заданию FSEG-2023-0012</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work, based on the results of which the article was completed, was carried out according to the State task of FSEG-2023-0012</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Евдокунин Г.А., Тилер Г. 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