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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">probener</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Power engineering: research, equipment, technology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-9903</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5456</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kazan State Power Engineering  University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30724/1998-9903-2024-26-5-19-30</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">probener-3134</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭЛЕКТРОТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ КОМПЛЕКСЫ И СИСТЕМЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ELECTROTECHNICAL COMPLEXES AND SYSTEMS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Диагностика фарфоровых изоляторов по характеристикам частичных разрядов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnostics of porcelain insulators by partial discharges characteristics</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6581-2400</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гатауллин</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gataullin</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гатауллин Айрат Мухамедович – канд. техн. наук, доцент кафедры «Релейная защита и автоматизация электроэнергетических систем» (РЗА)</p><p>г. Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ayrat M. Gataullin</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gataullin1969@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гавриленко</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gavrilenko</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гавриленко Андрей Николаевич – канд. физ.-мат. наук, доцент кафедры «Релейная защита и автоматизации электроэнергетических систем» (РЗА)</p><p>г. Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey N. Gavrilenko</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Писковацкий</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Piskovatskiy</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Писковацкий Юрий Валерьевич – канд. техн. наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой «Релейная защита и автоматизация электроэнергетических систем» (РЗА)</p><p>г. Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuri V. Piskovatskiy</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Минкин</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Minkin</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минкин Ахметгарей Султанович – канд. физ.-мат. наук, доцент кафедры «Релейная защита и автоматизация электроэнергетических систем» (РЗА)</p><p>г. Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Akhmetgarey S. Minkin</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский государственный энергетический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Power Engineering University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>19</fpage><lpage>30</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гатауллин А.М., Гавриленко А.Н., Писковацкий Ю.В., Минкин А.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гатауллин А.М., Гавриленко А.Н., Писковацкий Ю.В., Минкин А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gataullin A.M., Gavrilenko A.N., Piskovatskiy Y.V., Minkin A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.energyret.ru/jour/article/view/3134">https://www.energyret.ru/jour/article/view/3134</self-uri><abstract><p>АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ исследования определяется тем, что на сегодняшний день отсутствует методика оценки состояния изоляторов и их гирлянд по характеристикам частичных разрядов (ЧР). В настоящее время в эксплуатации находится большое количество опорных и проходных фарфоровых изоляторов. ЦЕЛЬ. Распознавание ЧР в твердой изоляции, исследование характеристик ЧР в предпробойной ситуации, распознавание дефектных изоляторов по характеристикам ЧР. МЕТОДЫ. При решении поставленной задачи осуществлялись регистрация и сравнительный анализ характеристик ЧР для дефектного и работоспособного фарфорового изолятора. Для исследования характеристик различных типов ЧР, в том числе в предпробойной ситуации применялась система образцовых ЧР поверхность-игла. РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. В статье сопоставлены характеристики ЧР, полученные стандартным прибором R-400 производства «Димрус» с применением стандартного датчика. Разработана методика распознавания развития предпробойной ситуации разрядного промежутка поверхность- игла и фарфорового изолятора. Разработана методика распознавания дефектного фарфорового изолятора по амплитудно-фазовым диаграммам (АФД) ЧР, разработан метод оценки пробивного напряжения фарфоровых изоляторов по характеристикам частичных разрядов. ВЫВОДЫ. В момент перехода в предпробойную стадию, обнаружены ЧР для которых характерно резкое нарастание встречного движения зарядов. Эти разряды приводили к увеличению тока утечки и регистрировались в фарфоровых изоляторах с применением прибора «Димрус» со стандартным набором датчиков. На основе анализа характеристик этих разрядов был сделан вывод относительно пробивного напряжения изоляторов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>RELEVANCE of the research is in the development of a non-destructive method for diagnosing porcelain insulators of high-voltage electrical equipment based on analysis of the characteristics of partial discharges (PDs). The problem of the final stage of breakdown of both the discharge gap and porcelain insulators recognizing is currently has not solved. THE PURPOSE. Recognition of PDs in solid insulation, study of PDs characteristics in a pre- breakdown situation, recognition of defective insulators based on PDs characteristics analysing. METHODS. The study of PDs characteristics for a defective and functional porcelain insulator were carried out. To study the characteristics of various types of PDs, including in the pre-breakdown situation, a system of surface-needle electrode system was used. RESULTS. The article describes compares the PDs characteristics obtained using standard R-400 device and a digital storage oscilloscope (DSO) using a telescopic antenna. A technique for recognizing the development of the pre-breakdown situation of the surface-needle discharge gap and the porcelain insulator was developed. The technique for recognizing a defective porcelain insulator from the amplitude-phase diagrams (APD) of PDs was developed. The method for assessing the breakdown voltage of porcelain insulators based on the characteristics of partial discharges was developed. CONCLUSION. At the moment of transition to the pre-breakdown stage were observed a sharp increase in the counter-movement of charges of opposite polarity. In the stage immediately before the breakdown, near zero values of the applied voltage of negative polarity, ordered PDs of the same polarity as the applied voltage were recorded in large numbers. These discharges led to an increase in leakage current and were interpreted as initial corona discharges. These discharges were recorded both by a telescopic antenna in a surface-needle system and in porcelain insulators.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метод частичных разрядов</kwd><kwd>частичные разряды</kwd><kwd>диагностика высоковольтных фарфоровых изоляторов</kwd><kwd>высоковольтные изоляторы</kwd><kwd>диагностика высоковольтных электрических изоляторов по характеристикам частичных разрядов</kwd><kwd>оценка пробивного напряжения фарфоровых изоляторов по характеристикам частичных разрядов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>method of partial discharges</kwd><kwd>partial discharges</kwd><kwd>diagnostics of high-voltage electrical insulators</kwd><kwd>high-voltage electrical insulators</kwd><kwd>assessment of the breakdown voltage of porcelain insulators based on partial discharge characteristics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Иванов Д.А. 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