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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">probener</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Power engineering: research, equipment, technology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-9903</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5456</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kazan State Power Engineering  University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30724/1998-9903-2025-27-3-14-22</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">probener-3434</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТОДЫ И ПРИБОРЫ КОНТРОЛЯ И ДИАГНОСТИКИ МАТЕРИАЛОВ, ИЗДЕЛИЙ, ВЕЩЕСТВ И ПРИРОДНОЙ СРЕДЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METHODS AND DEVICES FOR CONTROLLING AND DIAGNOSING MATERIALS, ARTICLES, SUBSTANCES AND NATURAL ENVIRONMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Измерительная ячейка для изучения характеристик частичных разрядов в газовых дефектах изоляции</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Measuring cell for studying the characteristics of partial discharges in gas defects of insulation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ньетерейе</surname><given-names>Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nyetereye</surname><given-names>F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ньетерейе Фредерик–аспирант кафедры «Электрические станции им. Шибанова В.К.» </p><p>г. Казань </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nyetereye Frederic </p><p>Kazan </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nyetereyefrederic@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Усачев</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Usachev</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Усачев Александр Евгеньевич– д.ф.-м.н. профессор, профессор кафедры «Электрические станции им. Шибанова В.К.»</p><p>г. Казань </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander E. Usachev </p><p>Kazan </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aleksandr_usachev@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бобоев</surname><given-names>Ш. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boboev</surname><given-names>Sh. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бобоев Шухрат Абдусаломович– ассистент кафедры «Электрические станции им. Шибанова В.К.»</p><p>г. Казань </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shuhrat A. Boboev </p><p>Kazan </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shuhrar1004@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кубарев</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kubarev</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кубарев Артём Юрьевич –кан. техн. наук. доцент кафедры «Электрические станции им. Шибанова В.К.»</p><p>г. Казань </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artyom Y. Kubarev </p><p>Kazan </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">artemkubarev@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский государственный энергетический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Power Engineering University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ньетерейе Ф., Усачев А.Е., Бобоев Ш.А., Кубарев А.Ю., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ньетерейе Ф., Усачев А.Е., Бобоев Ш.А., Кубарев А.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nyetereye F., Usachev A.E., Boboev S.A., Kubarev A.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.energyret.ru/jour/article/view/3434">https://www.energyret.ru/jour/article/view/3434</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность исследования заключается в расчёте конструкции ячейки для измерения характеристик частичных разрядов (ЧР), возникающих в газовых дефектах внутри твёрдой изоляции. Размеры и объём газовых включений в изоляцию связаны с характеристиками ЧР, которые в этих дефектах происходят. Знание деталей этой связи для дефектов различных размеров и форм необходимо для правильной диагностики состояния изоляции аппаратов высоких напряжений и определения их остаточного ресурса. Эта связь в настоящее время изучена в недостаточной степени. Задача изучения ЧР осложняется их малой величиной и сложностью отделения ЧР в газовых дефектах от поверхностных, коронных ЧР и посторонних случайных шумов, имеющих подобный спектр.</p><p>Цель работы состоит в создании экспериментальной установки с измерительной ячейкой, в которой нет коронных и поверхностных ЧР, которые осложняют получение достоверных результатов при измерении ЧР в газовых порах диэлектрика.</p><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. При решении поставленной задачи применялся расчет напряжённости электрического поля в различных конструкциях ячейки методом конечных элементов в программе COMSOL Multiphysics 6.2.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В статье описана актуальность темы, приведены результаты расчёта распределения электрических полей при различной конфигурации высоковольтных электродов рассмотрены, результаты измерения ЧР в контрольных (бездефектных) образцах и образцах с дефектами. Доказано, что в предлагаемой конструкции ячейки отсутствуют поверхностные и коронные ЧР на электродах, что позволяет изучать характеристики ЧР в газовых дефектах изоляции. Установлено, что ЧР в газовом дефекте происходят в первой и третьей части каждого периода синусоиды промышленной частоты при одинаковой разности потенциалов между электродами. Сдвига напряжения возникновения ЧР, который предсказывался из-за предполагаемого остаточного заряда на стенках каверны, не обнаружено.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The actuality of the study is to calculate the design of a cell to measure the characteristics of partial discharges (PD) occurring in gas defects within solid insulation. The size and volume of gas inclusions in the insulation are related to the PD characteristics that occur in these defects. Knowledge of the details of this relationship for defects of various sizes and shapes is necessary for proper diagnosis of the insulation condition of high voltage apparatuses and determination of their residual life. This connection is currently studied to an insufficient extent. The task of studying PDs is complicated by their small magnitude and the difficulty of separating PDs in gas defects from surface, corona PDs and extraneous random noises having a similar spectrum.</p><p>Objective of the work is to create an experimental setup with a measuring cell in which there are no corona and surface PDs, which complicate obtaining reliable results when measuring PDs in gas pores of a dielectric.</p><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The calculation of the electric field strength in various cell designs by the finite element method in the ComSol-Multiphysice 6.0 program was used to solve the problem.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The paper describes the relevance of the topic, presents the results of calculation of electric field distribution at different configurations of highvoltage electrodes, the results of PD measurements in control (defect-free) samples and samples with defects. It is proved that in the proposed design of the cell there are no surface and corona PDs on the electrodes, which allows us to study the characteristics of PDs in gas defects of insulation. It is established that PDs in a gas defect occur in the first and third parts of each period of a sinusoid of industrial frequency at the same potential difference between the electrodes. No shift of the PD occurrence voltage, which was predicted due to the assumed residual charge on the cavern walls, was found.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>частичный разряд</kwd><kwd>дефекты изоляции</kwd><kwd>измерительная ячейка</kwd><kwd>напряжённость возникновения ЧР</kwd><kwd>диагностика изоляции</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>partial discharge</kwd><kwd>insulation defects</kwd><kwd>measuring cell</kwd><kwd>PD occurrence voltage</kwd><kwd>insulation diagnostics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вдовико В.П. Частичные разряды в диагностировании высоковольтного оборудования // Новосибирск: Наука. - 2007. – 155c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vdoviko, V.P. 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