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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">probener</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Power engineering: research, equipment, technology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-9903</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5456</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kazan State Power Engineering  University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30724/1998-9903-2025-27-4-94-103</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">probener-3479</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭЛЕКТРОЭНЕРГЕТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ELECTRICITY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка состояния режимных параметров синхронного генератора на основе фильтра Калмана</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>State estimation of synchronous generator mode parameters based on Kalman filter</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4408-0316</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролов</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolov</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фролов Михаил Юрьевич – канд. техн. наук, зав. кафедрой «Автоматизированных электроэнергетических систем» (АЭЭС)</p><p>г. Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail Yu. Frolov</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">myu.frolov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Новосибирский государственный технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk state technical university</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>98</fpage><lpage>107</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фролов М.Ю., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фролов М.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Frolov M.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.energyret.ru/jour/article/view/3479">https://www.energyret.ru/jour/article/view/3479</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Исследования заключается в разработке методики настройки фильтра Калмана для задач автоматического управления режимом работы синхронного генератора при отсутствии возможности прямого измерения всех необходимых для этого величин, что позволяет синтезировать оптимальные и адаптивные регуляторы.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Определить подход к настройке фильтра Калмана для задач управления режимом синхронного генератора. Определить качество фильтрации выходных параметров и оценки неизмеряемых режимных параметров в условиях возмущающих воздействий на входе и шума в измерительных каналах.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. При решении поставленной цели применялись методы математического моделирования, реализованные средствами MatLab/Simulink. Использовались методы математической статистики и оптимизации.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В статье описан метод настройки фильтра Калмана, который позволяет определить вектор переменных состояния без линеаризации модели синхронного генератора. Проведено исследование влияния компонентов матриц спектральных плотностей Q и R на качество фильтрации и оценки состояния режимных параметров на примере угла поворота ротора и скорости вращения. Для исследования была создана цифровая модель с синхронным генератором из стандартной библиотеки MatLab/Simulink и с генератором в пространстве состояний.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Установлено, что, изменяя компоненты матриц Q и R фильтра, можно влиять на скорость схождения оцененных параметров к истинным значениям. Если компоненты этих матриц равны мощности спектральных плотностей возмущающих воздействий и шумов в измерительных каналах, то ошибка оценивания будет стремиться к нулю. По результатам экспериментов было установлено, что такой же результат достигается, если компоненты матриц Q и R не равны мощностям спектральных плотностей возмущений и помех, но при этом между компонентами матриц Q и R должна сохраняться таже пропорция, что и при их формировании вышеупомянутым способом.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. of the research is to develop a methodology for the Kalman filter tuning for the problem of synchronous generator control in the operation mode. This allows us to synthesize optimal and adaptive controllers. The complication consists in the absence of the possibility of direct measurement of all the necessary quantities.</p></sec><sec><title>The Purpose</title><p>The Purpose. To determine the approach of Kalman filter tuning for the control problems in the operating mode of a synchronous generator. To determine the filtering quality of the output signals and estimation of  the operating parameters with disturbance in the input channels and noise in the measuring ones.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. To achieve the aim, the methods of mathematical modeling implemented by MatLab/Simulink tools were used. The methods of mathematical statistics and optimization were used.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The paper describes the algorithm for Kalman filter tuning that allows to determine the vector of state variables without linearizing the synchronous generator model. The research was conducted on the influence of noise covariance matrix Q and R for quality filtration and parameters estimation of rotor angle and speed. For the research, a digital model with a synchronous generator from the MatLab/Simulink library was designed and another one was designed with a generator in the state space.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. It has been established that matrices Q and R influence on the speed of movement of the estimated parameters by the true values. If the matrices components are equal the power spectral densities of the disturbances and noise in these measuring channels, the measurement error will tend for zero. The same result is obtained if the components of the Q and R matrices do not have the necessary power spectral densities of disturbances and noise, but at the same time, between the components of the Q and R matrices, it is necessary to maintain the same proportion as when they are created by the above-mentioned method.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фильтр Калмана</kwd><kwd>форма вход-состояние-выход</kwd><kwd>уравнение движения ротора</kwd><kwd>наблюдатель Люенбергера</kwd><kwd>линейно-квадратичный наблюдатель</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>filter</kwd><kwd>state space representation</kwd><kwd>rotor motion equation</kwd><kwd>Luenberger observer</kwd><kwd>linear quadratic estimator</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">D. 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