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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">probener</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Power engineering: research, equipment, technology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-9903</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5456</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kazan State Power Engineering  University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30724/1998-9903-2025-27-4-104-122</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">probener-3480</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКИЕ СИСТЕМЫ И КОМПЛЕКСЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENERGY SYSTEMS AND COMPLEXES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности электролиза воды высокого давления при оценке термодинамической эффективности комбинирования АЭС с водородным комплексом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of high-pressure water electrolysis in assessing the thermodynamic efficiency of combining nuclear power plants with a hydrogen complex</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1573-0578</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Байрамов</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bayramov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Байрамов Артем Николаевич – д-р техн. наук, профессор кафедры «Тепловая и атомная энергетика имени А.И. Андрющенко»; ведущий научный сотрудник Отдела энергетических проблем Федерального исследовательского центра</p><p>г. Саратов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artem N. Bayramov</p><p>Saratov</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">art2198@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаров</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Макаров Даниил Алексеевич – студент; лаборант-исследователь Отдела энергетических проблем Федерального исследовательского центра</p><p>г. Саратов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daniil A. Makarov</p><p>Saratov</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">daniel_makaroff@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Седелкин</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sedelkin</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Седелкин Валентин Михайлович – д-р техн. наук, профессор</p><p>г. Саратов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentin M. Sedelkin</p><p>Saratov</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Отдел энергетических проблем ФИЦ «Саратовский научный центр РАН»; Саратовский государственный технический университет имени Гагарина Ю.А.</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Department of Energy Problems, Federal Research Center «Saratov Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences»; Saratov State Technical University named after Y.A. Gagarin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Саратовский государственный технический университет имени Гагарина Ю.А.</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saratov State Technical University named after Y.A. Gagarin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>108</fpage><lpage>126</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Байрамов А.Н., Макаров Д.А., Седелкин В.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Байрамов А.Н., Макаров Д.А., Седелкин В.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bayramov A.N., Makarov D.A., Sedelkin V.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.energyret.ru/jour/article/view/3480">https://www.energyret.ru/jour/article/view/3480</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Исследования комбинирования АЭС с водородным комплексом обосновывается необходимостью адаптации атомных станций к переменному энергопотреблению в течении суток в условиях их привлечения к регулированию неравномерности суточных графиков электрической нагрузки при сохранении базисной нагрузки.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценка термодинамической эффективности комбинирования АЭС с водородным комплексом для покрытия пиковой нагрузки в энергосистеме с учетом особенностей процесса электролиза воды под высоким давлением.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. На основе мирового опыта проанализирован механизм перекрестного проникновения водорода и кислорода, а также решения, направленные на предотвращение этого явления. Оценка термодинамической эффективности комбинирования АЭС с водородным комплексом выполнялась на основе математико-термодинамической модели развернутой тепловой схемы ПТУ АЭС с использованием формуляций IAPWS-IF97.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. На основе обобщенного анализа авторами установлена и объяснена закономерность снижения КПД электролиза с ростом давления из-за явления перекрестного проникновения. Разработаны комплексные номограммы закономерности влияния рабочего давления на основные характеристики электролиза, в частности, КПД, удельный расход электроэнергии на производство водорода, рабочее напряжение на ячейке. Получено, что водородный комплекс на основе электролиза высокого давления оказывается эффективнее системы с использованием компрессоров по критериям преобразованию провальной мощности в пиковую и КПД АЭС.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Авторами разработан и запатентован новый принцип комбинирования АЭС с водородным комплексом на основе электролиза воды высокого давления и показана его эффективность в условиях влияния перекрестного проникновения водорода и кислорода в сравнении с системой при использовании компрессорных машин в составе водородного комплекса.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The Relevance of the study of combining nuclear power plants with the hydrogen complex is substantiated by the need to adapt nuclear power plants to variable energy consumption during the day in the conditions of their involvement in regulating the unevenness of daily schedules of electric load while maintaining the basic load.</p><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. Assessment of the thermodynamic efficiency of combining a nuclear power plant with a hydrogen complex to cover the peak load in the power system, taking into account the features of the process of water electrolysis under high pressure.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. Based on world experience, the mechanism of crosspenetration of hydrogen and oxygen, as well as solutions aimed at preventing this phenomenon, are analyzed. The assessment of the thermodynamic efficiency of combining NPPs with a hydrogen complex was carried out on the basis of a mathematical and thermodynamic model of the expanded thermal scheme of the NPP using the IAPWS-IF97 formulations.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. On the basis of the generalized analysis, the authors established and explained the regularity of the decrease in the efficiency of electrolysis with an increase in pressure due to the phenomenon of cross-penetration. Complex nomograms of the regularities of the influence of working pressure on the main characteristics of electrolysis, in particular, efficiency, specific consumption of electricity for hydrogen production, operating voltage on the cell, have been developed. It was obtained that the hydrogen complex based on high-pressure electrolysis turns out to be more efficient than the system using compressors in terms of the criteria for converting the using power into the peak power and the efficiency of the nuclear power plant.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The authors have developed and patented a new principle of combining nuclear power plants with a hydrogen complex based on high-pressure water electrolysis and shown its efficiency under the influence of crosspenetration of hydrogen and oxygen in comparison with the system when using compressor machines as part of a hydrogen complex.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>атомная электростанция</kwd><kwd>водородный комплекс</kwd><kwd>электролиз воды высокого давления</kwd><kwd>взаимное проникновение газов</kwd><kwd>термодинамическая эффективность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nuclear power plant</kwd><kwd>hydrogen complex</kwd><kwd>high-pressure water electrolysis</kwd><kwd>mutual penetration of gases</kwd><kwd>thermodynamic efficiency</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Энергетическая стратегия России на период до 2035 г. / Правительство Российской федерации. – Москва, 2020 г. – 79 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Energeticheskaya strategiya Rossii na period do 2035 g. / Pravitel'stvo Rossijskoj federacii. – Moskva, 2020 g. – 79 s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Егоров А.Н., Байрамов А.Н. 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