<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">probener</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Power engineering: research, equipment, technology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-9903</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5456</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kazan State Power Engineering  University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30724/1998-9903-2026-28-2-3-16</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">probener-3878</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТОДЫ И ПРИБОРЫ КОНТРОЛЯ И ДИАГНОСТИКИ МАТЕРИАЛОВ, ИЗДЕЛИЙ, ВЕЩЕСТВ И ПРИРОДНОЙ СРЕДЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METHODS AND DEVICES FOR CONTROLLING AND DIAGNOSING MATERIALS, ARTICLES, SUBSTANCES AND NATURAL ENVIRONMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Компьютерная диагностическая модель высоковольтного подвесного полимерного изолятора</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Computer diagnostic model of a high-voltage suspension polymer insulator</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зарипов</surname><given-names>Д. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaripov</surname><given-names>D. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зарипов Дамир Камилевич – канд. техн. наук, доцент кафедры «Электрические станции им. В.К. Шибанова» (ЭС)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Damir K. Zaripov</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dzaripov@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Закиров</surname><given-names>Д. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakirov</surname><given-names>D. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Закиров Динар Файзелханович – аспирант</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dinar F. Zakirov</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">qwerty2014dinar@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарасов</surname><given-names>Б. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarasov</surname><given-names>B. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тарасов Богдан Павлович – аспирант</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bogdan P. Tarasov</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tarasovbogdanpav@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский государственный энергетический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Power Engineering University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>3</fpage><lpage>16</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зарипов Д.К., Закиров Д.Ф., Тарасов Б.П., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зарипов Д.К., Закиров Д.Ф., Тарасов Б.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zaripov D.K., Zakirov D.F., Tarasov B.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.energyret.ru/jour/article/view/3878">https://www.energyret.ru/jour/article/view/3878</self-uri><abstract><p>АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ. В процессе разработки устройств диагностирования технических объектов бывает весьма полезным создание компьютерных моделей функционирования этих объектов. Адекватная и универсальная модель, например, работающей изолирующей конструкции на опоре воздушной линии электропередачи (ВЛ) позволит существенно сократить ресурсы и время на проведение натурных экспериментов и испытаний при разработке устройств ее диагностирования. ЦЕЛЬ. Создание компьютерной модели функционирования изолирующей конструкции на опоре воздушной линии (ВЛ) и лабораторной установке с набором электрических параметров и характеристик, необходимых для диагностирования ее состояния. Задачами моделирования являлось определение распределений электрического поля, напряжений и токов в окружающем изолятор пространстве с учетом геометрии объекта, включая внешние элементы конструкции. МЕТОДЫ. Для достижения поставленной цели был использован метод конечных элементов и программа COMSOL Multiphysics. Валидация разработанных моделей осуществлялась путем сравнения результатов моделирования с измерениями электрических параметров и характеристик изоляторов, находящихся в аналогичной конфигурации лаборатории и ВЛ. РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. В ходе моделирования была создана модель работы подвесного полимерного изолятора на ВЛ и в лаборатории, адекватность и универсальность которой доказана в ходе лабораторных и натурных испытаний с помощью датчиков, работающих на принципе емкостной связи и регистрации токов утечки. В ходе валидации лабораторной модели полученное расчетное значение тока утечки сухого изолятора согласуется с измеренным. Отклонение менее 5%. Выбор, по результатам моделирования, размера электрода емкостного датчика (20х20 см2) показал верность в ходе натурных испытаний опытных образцов онлайн системы контроля состояния изоляции СКАТ-ДИ на ВЛ 110 кВ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>RELEVANCE. In the process of developing diagnostic devices for technical objects, it is often very useful to create computer models of how these objects function. An adequate and universal model, for instance, of an operating insulating structure on an overhead power line (OHL) support, can significantly reduce the resources and time required for field experiments and tests when developing its diagnostic devices. OBJECTIVE. To create a computer model of the operation of an insulating structure on an overhead power line (OHL) support and on a laboratory setup, with a set of electrical parameters and characteristics necessary for diagnosing its condition. The simulation tasks included determining the distributions of the electric field, voltages, and currents in the space surrounding the insulator, taking into account the object's geometry, including external structural elements. METHODS. To achieve the set objective, the finite element method and the COMSOL Multiphysics software were used. The validation of the developed models was carried out by comparing the simulation results with measurements of the electrical parameters and characteristics of insulators in analogous laboratory and OHL configurations. RESULTS. The simulation resulted in the creation of a model of the operation of a suspension polymer insulator on an OHL and in a laboratory. Its adequacy and universality were proven during laboratory and field tests using sensors based on the principle of capacitive coupling and leakage current measurement. During the validation of the laboratory model, the calculated leakage current value for a dry insulator agreed with the measured one, with a deviation of less than 5%. The selection of the capacitive sensor electrode size (20x20 cm²), based on the simulation results, was confirmed as correct during field tests of prototypes of the SKAT-DI online insulation monitoring system on a 110 kV OHL.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>изолирующая конструкция</kwd><kwd>диагностическая модель</kwd><kwd>метод конечных элементов</kwd><kwd>емкостный датчик контроля изоляции</kwd><kwd>ток утечки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>insulating structure</kwd><kwd>diagnostic model</kwd><kwd>finite element method</kwd><kwd>capacitive insulation monitoring sensor</kwd><kwd>leakage current</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bapin Y. et al. Outage data analysis of the overhead transmission lines in kazakhstan power system // 2020 International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems (PMAPS). – IEEE, 2020. – С. 1-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bapin Y. et al. Outage data analysis of the overhead transmission lines in kazakhstan power system // 2020 International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems (PMAPS). – IEEE, 2020. – С. 1-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Балобанов Р.Н., Булатова В.М. Анализ влияния режимов работы сухого трансформатора на состояние его изоляции // Известия высших учебных заведений. ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ. 2025. Т.27. №1. С. 70-87. doi: 10.30724/1998-9903-2025-27-1-70-87.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Balobanov RN, Bulatova VM. Analiz vliyaniya rezhimov raboty sukhogo transformatora na sostoyanie ego izolyacii. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. PROBLEMY ENERGETIKI [Proceedings of the higher educational institutions. ENERGY SECTOR PROBLEMS]. 2025;27(1):70-87. (In Russ). doi: 10.30724/1998-9903-2025-27-1-70-87.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Salem A.A. et al. Pollution Flashover Under Different Contamination Profiles on High Voltage Insulator: Numerical and Experiment Investigation // IEEE Access. 2021. Vol.9. P. 37800-37812. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3063201.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Salem AA, et al. Pollution Flashover Under Different Contamination Profiles on High Voltage Insulator: Numerical and Experiment Investigation. IEEE Access. 2021; 9:37800 37812. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3063201.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Simulation of Electric Field: What &amp; What Not to Expect [Электронный ресурс] // INMR [Сайт]. [2024]. URL: https://www.inmr.com/simulation-of-electric-field-what-what-not-to-expect/ (дата обращения: 07.10.2025).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Simulation of Electric Field: What &amp; What Not to Expect. In: INMR; 2024. Available at: https://www.inmr.com/simulation-of-electric-field-what-what-not-to-expect/. Accessed: 07.10.2025.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Modeling Transmission Tower Performance Using Boundary Element Method Solver [Электронный ресурс] // INMR [Сайт]. [2024]. URL: https://www.inmr.com/modeling-electric-field-on-transmission-towers/ (дата обращения: 07.10.2025).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Modeling Transmission Tower Performance Using Boundary Element Method Solver. In: INMR; 2024. Available at: https://www.inmr.com/modeling-electric-field-on-transmission-towers/. Accessed: 07.10.2025.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зарипов Д.К., Балобанов Р.Н., Закиров Д.Ф. Computer simulation of the operation of the device for monitoring the state of high-voltage insulators during its operation // IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering: 4th International Scientific and Technical Conference on Energy Systems, ICES 2019, Belgorod, 31 октября – 01 ноября 2019 года. Vol. 791. Belgorod: Institute of Physics Publishing, 2020. P. 012037. doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/791/1/012037.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zaripov DK, Balobanov RN, Zakirov DF. Computer simulation of the operation of the device for monitoring the state of high-voltage insulators during its operation. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering: 4th International Scientific and Technical Conference on Energy Systems, ICES 2019, Belgorod, 31 Oct – 01 Nov 2019. 2020; 791:012037. doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/791/1/012037.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Comsol Multiphysics [Электронный ресурс] // Comsol [Сайт]. URL: http://www.comsol.com/ (дата обращения: 07.10.2025).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Comsol Multiphysics. In: Comsol. Available at: http://www.comsol.com/. Accessed: 07.10.2025.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maraaba L. et al. Contamination level monitoring techniques for high-voltage insulators: a review // Energies. – 2022. – Т. 15. – No. 20. – С. 7656 https://doi.org/10.3390/en15207656</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maraaba L. et al.; Contamination Level Monitoring Techniques for High-Voltage Insulators: A Review. Energies 2022.15(20):7656. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15207656</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Галиева Т.Г., Иванов Д.А., Садыков М.Ф. и др. Метод и устройство диагностики состояния высоковольтных изоляторов на основе непрерывной регистрации пространственного уровня электромагнитного излучения частичных разрядов. Известия высших учебных заведений. ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ. 2022;24(4):165-177. https://doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2022-24-4-165-177</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Galieva T.G., Ivanov D.A., Sadykov M.F. et al. Methodology and device for diagnostics of high-voltage insulators based on continuous recording of the spatial level of electromagnetic radiation of partial discharges. Power engineering: research, equipment, technology. 2022;24(4):165-177. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2022-24-4-165-177</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lampe W. Pollution and rain flashovers on HVDC wall bushings // Proceedings., Second International Conference on Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials. Beijing, China, 1988. Vol.1. P. 29-32. doi: 10.1109/ICPADM.1988.38323.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lampe W. Pollution and rain flashovers on HVDC wall bushings. Proceedings., Second International Conference on Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials. Beijing, China, 1988;1:29-32. doi: 10.1109/ICPADM.1988.38323.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абрамов В.Д., Хомяков М.В. Эксплуатация изоляторов высокого напряжения. М.: Энергия, 1976. 264 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abramov VD, Khomyakov MV. Ekspluataciya izolyatorov vysokogo napryazheniya [Operation of high-voltage insulators]. Moscow: Energiya; 1976. 264 p. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gorur R.S. et al. Sudden flashover of nonceramic insulators in artificial contamination tests // IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation. 1997. Vol.4.№1. P. 79-87. doi: 10.1109/94.590870.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gorur RS, et al. Sudden flashover of nonceramic insulators in artificial contamination tests. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation. 1997;4(1):79-87. doi: 10.1109/94.590870.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang Z., Jiayao Z., Donghong W. et al. Effects of Non-uniform Pollution on the AC Flashover Performance of Suspension Insulators // Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology. 2016. Vol.11. №4. P. 961-968. doi: 10.5370/JEET.2016.11.4.961.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang Z, Jiayao Z, Donghong W, et al. Effects of Non-uniform Pollution on the AC Flashover Performance of Suspension Insulators. Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology. 2016;11(4):961-968. doi: 10.5370/JEET.2016.11.4.961.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Venkataraman S., Gorur R.S. Prediction of flashover voltage of non-ceramic insulators under contaminated conditions // IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation. 2006. Vol.13. №4. P. 862-869. doi: 10.1109/TDEI.2006.1667747.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Venkataraman S, Gorur RS. Prediction of flashover voltage of non-ceramic insulators under contaminated conditions. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation. 2006;13(4):862-869. doi: 10.1109/TDEI.2006.1667747.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зарипов Д.К., Насибуллин Р.А., Закиров Д.Ф., и др. Исследование работы полимерного изолятора при увлажнении искусственным туманом. Известия высших учебных заведений. ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ. 2023;25(5):20-29. https://doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2023-25-5-20-29</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zaripov DK, Nasibullin RA, Zakirov DF, et al. Issledovanie raboty polimernogo izolyatora pri uvlazhnenii iskusstvennym tumanom. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. PROBLEMY ENERGETIKI [Proceedings of the higher educational institutions. ENERGY SECTOR PROBLEMS]. 2023;25(5):20-29. (In Russ). doi: 10.30724/1998-9903-2023-25-5-20-29.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зарипов Д.К., Насибуллин Р.А., Закиров Д.Ф. Распределенная система контроля изоляции воздушных линий и подстанций на основе беспроводных датчиков емкостного типа // Приборы и системы. Управление, контроль, диагностика. 2022. №1. С. 8-17. doi: 10.25791/pribor.1.2022.1314. – EDN ABQHUI.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zaripov DK, Nasibullin RA, Zakirov DF. Raspredelennaya sistema kontrolya izolyacii vozdushnykh linij i podstancij na osnove besprovodnykh datchikov emkostnogo tipa. Pribory i sistemy. Upravlenie, kontrol', diagnostika[Instruments and systems. Monitoring, control, diagnostics]. 2022;(1):8-17. (In Russ). doi: 10.25791/pribor.1.2022.1314.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
