Energy-saving aspects of the process of extraction of bioactive compounds from plant raw materials with supercritical fluid solvents

THE PURPOSE. Study of extraction processes of plant raw materials with a wide range of biologically active properties, supercritical carbon dioxide used as a solvent, as well as with the addition of ethanol, used as a co-solvent, to supercritical carbon dioxide in a ratio of 5% to the total consumption at a temperature of 313 K and pressure 30 MPa. METHODS. The study of extraction processes was carried out by the method of supercritical fluid extraction, which is effective and environmentally friendly compared to traditional methods for obtaining extracts. The experimental setup, equipped with two plunger pumps, allowed the implementation of a dynamic extraction method with both supercritical carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide with the addition of ethanol. RESULTS. The final extract yields were obtained for Valeriána officinális, Hypericum, Matricaria and Salvia at a temperature of 313 K and a pressure of 30 MPa using pure carbon dioxide and a carbon dioxide/ethanol mixture as a solvent. Based on the results of experimental data, the dependence of the mass yield of the extract on the extraction time was plotted. This determines the extraction rate of each sample. CONCLUSION. The experimental data obtained indicate that for each of the samples of plant raw materials, the use of supercritical carbon dioxide modified with ethanol in a ratio of 95 and 5%, respectively, leads to an increase in the yield of the extract. This, in turn, leads to a reduction in energy costs when implementing the extraction process using the proposed method on an industrial scale.

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