Development of an energy model of a data center
https://doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2025-27-4-147-156
Abstract
Relevance. Data centers are a specialized facility that is an interconnected system of IT infrastructure, engineering infra-structure, equipment (server and network) and parts of which are located in a building or room connected to external networks, both engineering and telecommunications. Due to the significant heat generation of these systems, there is a need to increase the efficiency of cooling systems through efficient heat recovery.
The purpose. Calculation of the energy balance of a typical data center designed for operation in central Russia.
Methods. The developed energy model of a data center is a mathematical description of all energy processes in a building, including heat transfer processes, the effects of ventilation and air conditioning, the operation of lighting, electrical appliances and other equipment, and the operation of engineering systems.
Results. According to the simulation results, the specific energy consumption was 1,353 kWh/m2, the specific annual cost of energy resources was 8,572.90 rubles/m2. The following key results were obtained: energy consumed by data center modules – 38,399.53 MWh/year; energy consumed by IT equipment – 31,685.20 MWh/year; PUE (it represents the ratio of the total energy consumed by the data center to the energy directly used by the IT equipment) – 1.21.
Conclusion. Data on annual energy consumption, the cost of consumed energy resources and the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere during the production of energy resources were obtained. A monthly energy consumption chart has been developed by category (heating, cooling, fans, heat recovery, pumps, interior lighting, outlet equipment, servers). In the course of further research, it is planned to consider priority schemes for the utilization of thermal energy of the data center.
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Review
For citations:
Yudin A.K. Development of an energy model of a data center. Power engineering: research, equipment, technology. 2025;27(4):147-156. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2025-27-4-147-156
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