Selection of parameters of an electricity storage system used to cover peak loads of residential and public buildings

THE RELEVANCE. Battery energy storage systems reduce peak loads in external power supply systems, which helps reduce operational energy losses and allows for the selection of lower-power transformers during the design stage. Residential and public buildings benefit from reduced electricity bills during peak hours, as well as the ability to connect to electric charging stations installed in adjacent areas. THE PURPOSE. Developing a methodology for selecting the capacity and energy capacity of battery energy storage systems used in urban infrastructure to limit power consumed from the power grid during peak load hours, as well as the subsequent development of proposals for amending SP 256.1325800.2016 "Electrical Installations of Residential and Public Buildings. Design and Installation Rules." METHODS. The study utilized in-kind measurements of daily power profiles for residential and public buildings, specifically apartment buildings with electric stoves ranging from 11 to 25 stories tall, kindergartens and schools, as well as public buildings serving cultural and leisure purposes and shopping centers. A typical daily power profile was generated for apartment buildings. This profile demonstrates the use of the energy balance of the storage device's charge and discharge to calculate the maximum required power and energy capacity. RESULTS. The specifics of connecting an energy storage system to the city's power grid are discussed. It is shown that the storage system achieves its maximum output when charged while drawing constant power from the grid. CONCLUSION. Charging batteries with a stabilized, reduced current, which extends their lifespan, is beneficial for energy storage systems operating in short-term discharge modes. Based on the obtained typical power profile of an apartment building, calculation formulas are proposed for selecting the parameters of energy storage systems installed at facilities with recurring load patterns.

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