Method for noncontact control of electromagnetic field parameters of 6-10 kV overhead transmission line and harmonic distortion sources based on spectral data analysis

RELEVANCE of the study lies in the increasing number of nonlinear loads and power electronic devices in 6-10 kV distribution networks is causing an increase in harmonic and interharmonic distortion. This distortion is disrupting the sinusoidal nature of the voltage and accelerating equipment aging. Traditional contact-based methods for measuring power quality parameters are limited by their operating conditions and require complex measurement setups.
OBJECTIVE of this study aims to develop an algorithm for identifying distortion sources in 6-10 kV networks by analyzing signals from non-contact electromagnetic field sensors that measure inductive and capacitive fields.
METHODS of the study include spectral analysis techniques, such as Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT), to extract harmonic and interharmonic components from the data. These techniques form spectral fingerprints, which include informative features like the variation in amplitude and phase of the fundamental harmonic (50 Hz), total harmonic distortion (THD), and the sum of even and odd harmonic amplitudes. Laboratory experiments were conducted on a 6-10 kV distribution line segment, simulating different operating modes with asynchronous motors, three-phase diodes, and single-phase non-linear loads.
THE RESULTS. show that inductive sensors are sensitive to changes in current load and magnetic flux, while capacitive sensors can detect electric field distortions and phase asymmetries. For the asynchronous motor, the total harmonic distortion (THD) decreased by up to 12% and the amplitude of the main harmonic increased by 65%. High-frequency even harmonics were generated by the diode bridge with an amplitude growth of up to +1550%. Single-phase nonlinear loads introduced phase asymmetry and increased the THD by 2-4%.
CONCLUSION states that combination of inductive and capacitive non-contact sensors allows for distinct spectral signatures which can be used as features for further identification algorithms of distortion sources. The developed algorithm can form a reference spectrum library and serve as a basis for intelligent non-contact monitoring systems for power quality control in distribution networks of 6-10 kV.

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