Development of a simulation model of a synchronous motor as part of electrical complexes when conducting technical condition control using laser technologies

RELEVANCE. Ensuring the reliable and efficient operation of electrical equipment is critical to the functioning of various industries. Therefore, the development of methods and means for monitoring the technical condition of electrical systems is particularly relevant. The use of laser technologies in this context opens up new possibilities for non-destructive diagnostics and monitoring of equipment condition. The proposed simulation model of a synchronous motor in electrical systems will be based on modern software platforms enabling multiparameter modeling of electromagnetic, thermal, and mechanical processes occurring in electrical equipment. This will ensure a high degree of correspondence between the virtual model and the actual object and, consequently, the reliability of the testing results.

OBJECTIVE. The objective of the study is to develop a simulation model that will allow for varying the parameters of a synchronous motor to simulate various types of faults and deviations from the normal state, particularly for the bearing system.

METHODS. To accurately analyze the dynamic behavior of the bearing assemblies of a synchronous motor, part of an electrical system, we used the finite element method (FEM). This method allows us to discretize the complex geometry of the motor and account for material heterogeneity. This study utilizes the commercial COMSOL Multiphysics software package, which offers extensive capabilities for modeling solid-state mechanics and dynamics.

RESULTS: Creating a simulation model allows us to recreate the behavior of the bearing under various operating conditions and study its response to defects. This makes it possible to identify patterns describing the relationship between vibration parameters, acoustic signals, and the nature of damage. In this study, damage to the inner ring, defined as a small defect (1 mm deep) in the geometric model, resulted in a change in the oscillation frequency in all eight experiments, with the average value obtained being 133.84 Hz. In the case of damage to the outer ring, which is defined as a small chamfer (1 mm deep) in the geometric model, a change in the oscillation frequency occurred in all 8 experiments, and the average value obtained was 106.16 Hz. In the case of damage to the rolling elements, which is defined as a small defect (0.2 mm deep) of one ball in the geometric model, a change in the oscillation frequency occurred in all 8 experiments, and the average value obtained was 3.7908 Hz.

CONCLUSION. The results of the conducted studies show that the condition of the annular elements (outer and inner) has the greatest influence on the occurrence of vibrations in a bearing. Changes in the configuration of the surface layer of the outer and inner rings, such as the formation of minimal depressions (e.g., 1 mm deep), cause a sharp increase in vibration activity. It has been experimentally confirmed that the diagnosis and modeling of bearing wear and damage processes should pay special attention to the condition of the annular elements, since their degradation has a decisive impact on the overall performance of the mechanism. The development of an accurate simulation model capable of analyzing the degree of wear on rings and rolling elements will improve the efficiency of fault diagnostics and promptly identify potential problems affecting the reliability and durability of synchronous electric motor bearing assemblies.

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