In this paper, the method is proposed for preliminary probabilistic safety analysis of the own needs reservation systems for nuclear power plants, which takes into account temporal changes of equipment failure rate since the beginning of the accident and to restore functionality. The method allows to take into account Russian and foreign statistics of the intensities of the initial emergency events, including power failure by reason of extreme natural conditions (for example, the Middle Volga region Russia during the 100 years). The presented method also allows conducting the preliminary assessment of the annual risk level reduction of the damage caused by accidents with core damage (ACD) NPP reactors in money equivalent based on statistics of economic damage caused by such accidents that took place at nuclear power plants. As an example, according to the proposed method, the multifunction system reservation own needs NPP was investigated, based on a combination stations with an additional low-power steam turbine installation. According to calculations, accounting time-dependent processes by this method allows to specify for the given initial data the final results of the calculation for intensities of the reactor ACD and the risk level reduction of the annual emergence of damage caused by accidents ACD reactors by more than 1,3 times.

The article discusses the issues of dispersion of emissions of benz(a)pyrene in the air of the atmosphere and its carcinogenic impact on the ecological safety of the environment urban development. A significant influence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on the formation of the general level of toxicity of gaseous emissions from boilers. The expediency of the accounting of emissions of benz(a)pyrene and vanadium pentoxide in the calculations related to the assessment and optimization of the size of sanitary-protective zone of the heating boiler. Maximum determined surface concentrations of benz(a)pyrene at the scattering in urban areas. The simplified mathematical relationship and a calculation of turbulent diffusion coefficients in the propagation of emissions of benz(a)pyrene from the combustion of natural gas and fuel oil.

Recently the question of developing intellectual active-adaptive electrical networks in energy systems has been frequently addressed. Intellectual electrical networks are characterized by certain features. The current paper focuses upon normalizing electrical energy quality while transferring to intellectual electrical power systems. Initially, we view the way the Smart Grid concept has been realized in Russian Federation and other countries, particularly, how often normalizing electrical energy quality has been mentioned. As a result, specific features of intellectual electrical networks concerning normalizing requirements have been found. New networks mean new characteristics. The impact of the new features of intellectual active-adaptive electrical networks that lead to deterioration of electrical energy quality is analyzed. In Russian Federation and other countries electrical energy quality is regulated by state standards. The analysis of the existing standards shows that none of them is adjusted to intellectual electrical networks.

Work examines the most probable mechanism of shaping of cover layer on the surface of the metallic communications of those finding in the soil or the sea water under the action of cathode protection and its basic properties. Being based on this analysis and data, obtained in the process of the practical operation of the systems of cathode protection both with respect to the change in the electrical conductivity of cover layers and on reduction in the strength of shielding current, a evaluation of a change in the efficiency (efficiency) of cathode protection in the direct-current circuit is made. In this case it is established that this efficiency grows with an increase in the specific resistance of cover layer on the surface of the protected metallic construction and connected with this reduction in the specific density of shielding current.

The possibilities of the use of acoustic energy generators in various industries. We describe the structure and operation of a piston compressor acoustic gas. The generalized formula for the case of absence of radiation and the pipe with a sharp edge at the free end, which allows to establish a connection between the pressure and velocity of the gas in the plenum at the fundamental harmonic

Spend strategic analysis and calculation of the cost of thermal energy in combined mode and the non-hybrid generation in comparison with alternative boiler. The resulting cost of thermal energy from alternative boiler can be used to calculate the radius of the effective thermal heat energy Kazan.

The method of recycling secondary energy resources - oil-contaminated sludge chemical water treatment. Experimentally determined ash content, calorific value of oil-contaminated sludge. The technology for efficient combustion of polluted sludge on small power plants.

Dispersivity and chemical composition of ash and slag particles at dust combustion of milled peat were investigated in this work. Shapes and sizes of the particles depending on the sampling points in different parts of the boiler system were determined experimentally. The histograms and the particle size distribution functions were obtained.

The technology formation of high quality air fuel combustible mixture, before immediately feeding it into the combustion chamber of the heat energy units by means of the impact of electric and magnetic fields with the aim of increasing efficiency and full combustion, consequently, reduction in fuel consumption and toxic gasses.

In article features of functioning of the main segments of the wholesale market of the electric power and power (OREM) are considered. The factors exerting impact on competitiveness of the generation companies come to light. Results of functioning of OREM, since the moment of his full liberalization are analyzed, merits and demerits of the operating market mechanisms reveal.

With the help of the developed two-channel method for remote control of high-voltage insulators have been studied peculiarities of characteristics of partial discharges (PD) for determining a working condition of insulators under high voltage. Therefore, they have established diagnostic principles for the allocation of faulty insulators, as well as predictive signs of the future lifetime of healthy insulators.

The article deals with the research and development of methods of calculation of reliability characteristics of windings of induction motors. A method for evaluating the reliability of the parameters of induction motors. We obtain a graph of the probability of failure-free operation of parts and units of asynchronous motors. Calculated data is the failure rate of the stator groove elements. The results can be used in the design phase asynchronous motors, as well as in service to optimize the system of preventive maintenance of induction motors.

The optical scheme and design of spectral dual-beam device with dual-beam multiple-pass gas cellon the basis of the IKS-24 spectrophotometer, allowing to register absolute ranges of absorption of radiation gas environments at full automation of measurements at high metrological ensuring results of the executed researches is considered. Multiple-pass gas a cell provides change of length of an optical way in range of 0,6+7 m and range of pressure in a working chamber from 13 to 5 ∙ 10⁵ Pa. The results experimental research of products of absorption of various ingredients of a gas phase of products of combustion are discussed at spectral resolution Δ=1+10 см^-1 and their application for the analysis of ingredient composition of gaseous fuels and combustion products in the energy and power technology units.

The measuring chamber of a device intended for measuring of principal parameters of the thermoelectric materials (the Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity) is created. The design of the chamber unit (the cell for measuring of the parameters) allows one to perform the process of measuring of the parameters with the same set of details of the cell. In the volume of the chamber one can provide a vacuum to reduce a dispersion of a heat from the surface of the sample under investigation. To prevent any heat flow under the surface of the sample in a direction parallel to the sample axis the system of the conical mirrors is provided for the unit.

A brief overview of the method and the description of the device to control the cementation of well casing based on one-sided excitation and reception of elastic waves from the top of the well is given. The mathematical model of propagation of elastic waves in the system of a well casing and its cement ring containing defective and defect-free areas is considered. The influence of the reflection waves from the boundaries of the two solid mediums, and the frequency dependence of the attenuation coefficient of elastic waves and location of defective areas along the pipeline of a well are taken into account. The method is sufficiently rapid, does not require the lowering of the measurement instrument into the well body and is therefore less costly in comparison with other methods. A method is proposed to use in combination with other geophysical methods of well logging.

Developed a mathematical model of the combustion process of shale semicoke in a cyclone furnace, taking into account the characteristics particles, kinetics of carbon combustion, as well as the decomposition of carbonates in the bottom ash resulting from the post-combustion of coal char. Presents a flowchart of the calculation and the results of numerical experiments performed on the developed mathematical model. The effect of the carbon content of shale semicoke on the overall characteristics of the cyclone burner and flue gas temperature.

Discusses the results of experimental studies of the function of the spectral transmittance of propylene at high pressures and temperatures.